The operationalization of water resource protection initiatives for surface quality and equitable allocation is critical sustainable socio-economic development. This paper assessed Blesbokspruit River Catchment’s status, using the South African Water Quality standards Index (WQI). Protection levels quality, waste discharge point sources were set evaluated total maximum daily loads (TMDLs) chemi...

The National Wild and Scenic Rivers Act protects less than ¼ of a percent the United States’ river miles, focusing on free-flowing rivers good water quality with outstandingly remarkable values for recreation, scenery, other unique attributes. It predates enactment Clean Water Act, yet includes clear anti-degradation principle, that pollution should be reduced eliminated designated rivers, in c...

A statistical approach for making impairment determinations in the Section 303(d)listing process is developed. The method is based on the 100(1 a ) percent lower confidence limit on an upper percentile of the concentration distribution. Advantages of the method include: (1) it provides a test of the null hypothesis that a percentage of the true concentration distribution fails to meet a regulat...

Five methods for estimating maximum daily and annual nitrate (NO3) and suspended sediment loads using periodic sampling of varying intensities were compared to actual loads calculated from intensive stormflow and baseflow sampling from small, forested watersheds in north central West Virginia to determine if the less intensive sampling methods were accurate and could be utilized in TMDL develop...