The effects of sodium carbonate (Na(2)CO(3)) pretreatment on the chemical compositions and enzymatic saccharification of rice straw were investigated. The enzymatic digestibility of rice straw is enhanced after pretreatment since pretreated solids show significant delignification with high sugar availability. During pretreatment, an increasing temperature and Na(2)CO(3) charge leads to enhanced...

Forages play an important role in ruminant animal production worldwide. Unlocking the nutritional potential of poor-quality tropical forages with fibrolytic enzymes would improve forage digestibility and utilization. Using vitro vivo methods this study investigated effect pre-treating Smutsfinger hay for 24 hours a mixture enzyme (100% cellulase; 75% cellulase: 25% xylanase; 50% 100% xylanase c...

Cellulase activity was measured in soybean (Glycine max) leaf abscission zones, flower abscission zones, pod abscission zones, apical buds, and adventitious rooting hypocotyls. Immunoprecipitation data showed that a cellulase immunologically similar to the bean abscission cellulase (isoelectric point 9.5) is present in soybean leaf, flower, and pod abscission zones, but is not present in soybea...

Cellulase serves vast applications in the industries of biofuel, pulp and paper, detergent and textile. With the presence of its three components i.e. endoglucanase, exoglucanase and bglucosidase, the enzyme can effectively depolymerize the cellulose chains in lignocellulosic substrate to produce smaller sugar units that consist of cellobiose and glucose. Fungi are the most suitable cellulase p...

The cyclic AMP (cAMP) pathway represents a central signaling cascade with crucial functions in all organisms. Previous studies of Trichoderma reesei (anamorph of Hypocrea jecorina) suggested a function of cAMP signaling in regulation of cellulase gene expression. We were therefore interested in how the crucial components of this pathway, adenylate cyclase (ACY1) and cAMP-dependent protein kinas...

Bleached simao pine kraft pulp was treated with Aspergillus niger crude cellulase produced by submerged fermentation using the pulp as the carbon source. The effects of the cellulase on the pulp beatability and mechanical properties were studied. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) was performed to study the effect of cellulase treatment on the cellulose crystallinity index. The fib...

The present study deals with the immobilization of Aspergillus nidulans cellulase onto modified chitin (MC). The effect of contact time, cellulase concentration, MC dosage, temperature and agitation rate for maximum immobilization percentage and immobilization capacity is investigated on the basis of five-level-five-factor central composite design (CCD) obtained by response surface methodology ...

Article Type: Full Length Research Article This research highlighted the production of cellulase enzyme from isolated fungal strains and used this enzyme as potential refining agent in manufacturing security paper from cotton comber pulp. Twenty three fungal strains were isolated from soil samples collected from nearby wood based paper mill and screened for cellulolytic activity by Congo red pl...

The voluntary intake (VI) of separated leaf and stem fractions of a grass and legume (Panicum maximum and Lablab purpureus respectively) was determined using Hereford steers fistulated at the rumen and oesophagus. VI of leaf fractions was higher than that of the stem fraction (8.23 v. 3.67 kg/d, P less than 0.001) while that for the legume diets was higher than for the grass diets (6.65 v. 5.22...

A number of previous studies determined dilute acid pretreatment conditions that maximize xylose yields from pretreatment or glucose yields from subsequent digestion of the pretreated cellulose, but our emphasis was on identifying conditions to realize the highest yields of both sugars from both stages. Thus, individual xylose and glucose yields are reported as a percentage of the total potenti...