Over the past four decades reproductive behavior has changed rapidly in much of the developing world. The average total fertility rate (TFR) has fallen by half from the tradit ional six or more to near three today, and contraceptive use – once rare – is now widespread. Between the early 1960s and the late 1990s the largest fertility declines occurred in Asia (52 per cent) and Latin America (-55...

Health practitioners, researchers, and donors are stumped about Jordan's stalled fertility rate, which has stagnated between 3.7 and 3.5 children per woman from 2002 to 2012, above the national replacement level of 2.1. This stall paralleled United States Agency for International Development (USAID) funding investments in family planning in Jordan, triggering an assessment of USAID family plann...

Understanding emerging patterns of low fertility in middle-income countries is of essential importance. We demonstrate that the use of the P/F Brass methods in Brazil to adjust for a presumed underreporting of births has the potential to overestimate the country’s 2010 TFR by about 8%. Our preferred fertility-register-based estimate is 1.76, substantially lower the officially reported 1.90. Thi...

Throughout the developed world the total fertility rate (TFR) has dropped well below the replacement level. The theory of demographic transition has to be reconsidered: post-transitional societies will face a permanent disequilibrium (hyperaging and ultimate population implosion). The basic paradigm has reversed: in the past, there was a large proportion of unwanted pregnancies and family plann...

The Total Fertility Rate (TFR) of Bengkulu Province is still at 2.31, meaning that there are Women Reproductive Age who have children >2. This condition affects the non-fulfillment basic family needs. purpose this study was to determine factors causing fertility based on demographic, social, and economic in Province. a uses secondary data from Indonesian Demographic Health Survey (IDHS) 2017...

This paper examines the ethnic differentials in fertility in Malawi using data from the 2000 Malawi Demographic and Health survey. Fertility was estimated for each ethnic group using various procedures and multiple regressions were employed in order to understand factors responsible for ethnic differentials in fertility in the country. Although all ethnic groups in Malawi exhibit high fertility...

BACKGROUND Kawasaki disease (KD) is a common cause of acquired paediatric heart disease in developed countries. KD was first identified in the 1960s in Japan, and has been steadily increasing since it was first reported. The aetiology of KD has not been defined, but is assumed to be infection-related. The present study sought to identify the factor(s) that mediate the geographical variation and...

CONTEXT In Bolivia, the total fertility rate (TFR) among indigenous populations is higher than that among the nonindigenous population. It is important to investigate whether this difference is attributable to ethnic differences in wanted or unwanted fertility. METHODS Data from the 2003 Bolivian Demographic and Health Survey were used to estimate women's wanted and unwanted TFRs. Logistic re...

2nd only to Ireland in total fertility, Sweden has the highest total fertility (TFR) and female labor force participation rates (FLFPR) among European countries in the late 1980s and early 1990s. 1988 TFR and FLFPR were 1.96 and 80.1%, respectively. This paper considers the role of public policy in creating this unique trend, with particular focus on family leave policy. In 1974, Sweden beca...

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