A totally odd H-subdivision means a subdivision of a graph H in which each edge of H corresponds to a path of odd length. Thus this concept is a generalization of a subdivision of H. In this paper, we give a structure theorem for graphs without a fixed graph H as a totally odd subdivision. Namely, every graph with no totally odd H-subdivision has a tree-decomposition such that each piece is eit...

Neutrosophic theory has many applications in graph theory, interval valued neutrosophic graph (IVNG) is the generalization of fuzzy graph, intuitionistic fuzzy graph and single valued neutrosophic graph. In this paper, we introduced some types of IVNGs, which are subdivision IVNGs, middle IVNGs, total IVNGs and interval valued neutrosophic line graphs (IVNLGs), also discussed the isomorphism, c...

Neutrosophic theory has many applications in graph theory, bipolar single valued neutrosophic graphs (BSVNGs) is the generalization of fuzzy graphs and intuitionistic fuzzy graphs, SVNGs. In this paper we introduce some types of BSVNGs, such as subdivision BSVNGs, middle BSVNGs, total BSVNGs and bipolar single valued neutrosophic line graphs (BSVNLGs), also investigate the isomorphism, co weak ...

The domination subdivision number sdγ(G) of a graph is the minimum number of edges that must be subdivided (where an edge can be subdivided at most once) in order to increase the domination number. Arumugam showed that this number is at most three for any tree, and conjectured that the upper bound of three holds for any graph. Although we do not prove this interesting conjecture, we give an upp...

A new subdivision method for computing the nearest univariate gcd is described and analyzed. It is based on an exclusion test and an inclusion test. The exclusion test in a cell exploits Taylor expansion of the polynomial at the center of the cell. The inclusion test uses Smale’s α-theorems to certify the existence and unicity of a solution in a cell. Under the condition of simple roots for the...

Haj\'os conjectured that every graph containing no subdivision of the complete $K_{s+1}$ is properly $s$-colorable. This conjecture was disproved by Catlin. Indeed, maximum chromatic number such graphs $\Omega(s^2/\log s)$. We prove $O(s)$ colors are enough for a weakening this only requires monochromatic component to have bounded size (so-called clustered coloring). Our approach leads more res...