نتایج جستجو برای: toxic chemicals
تعداد نتایج: 117270 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
Toxic chemicals: environmental impact, regulation, controversy, and education: editor’s introduction
Liver weight and function also are often used as the “canary in the mine” to test for adverse effects of chemical compounds and drugs. The largest single gland in the body and the secondlargest organ, the liver filters about a quart of blood every minute, detoxifying blood by filtering toxins and other chemicals from it. When possible, it converts toxics to less harmful chemicals through variou...
This article reviews the mechanistic basis of the tissue residue approach for toxicity assessment (TRA). The tissue residue approach implies that whole-body or organ concentrations (residues) are a better dose metric for describing toxicity to aquatic organisms than is the aqueous concentration typically used in the external medium. Although the benefit of internal concentrations as dose metric...
The development of in vitro cytotoxicity assays is currently essential to evaluate the potential human and environmental health risks associated to chemical exposure, and to limit animal experimentation whenever possible. However, cytotoxicity assessments have been limited by their inability to measure morphological alterations, that can reveal subtle but extremely vital aspects of cell injury....
A Call to Action The TENDR Consensus Statement is a call to action to reduce expo sures to toxic chemicals that can contribute to the prevalence of neuro developmental disabilities in America’s children. The TENDR authors agree that widespread exposures to toxic chemicals in our air, water, food, soil, and consumer products can increase the risks for cognitive, behavioral, or social impairmen...
The joint toxic effects of known binary and multiple organic chemical mixtures to the fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas) were defined at both the 96-h 50% lethal effect concentration (LC50) and sublethal (32-d growth) response levels for toxicants with a narcosis I, narcosis II, or uncoupler of oxidative phosphoralation mode of toxic action. Experiments were designed to define the degree of a...
Since the 1970s, an increasing number of regulations have expanded the use of brominated and chlorinated flame retardants. Many of these chemicals are now recognized as global contaminants and are associated with adverse health effects in animals and humans, including endocrine and thyroid disruption, immunotoxicity, reproductive toxicity, cancer, and adverse effects on fetal and child developm...
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