The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of transdermal and oral routes of diclofenac for postoperative pain management in patients undergoing dental implant placement. Twenty systemically healthy, partially edentulous patients who required dental implants bilaterally in the mandibular first molar region were included. While the patient was under local anesthesia, an implant...

The objective of this study was to investigate the pharmacokinetics of the ligustrazine ethosome patch and antimyocardial ischemia and anti-ischemic reperfusion injury effect. Male Sprague Dawley rats were divided randomly into 3 groups: Group A (intragastric ligustrazine), Group B (transdermal ligustrazine ethosome patch), and Group C (conventional transdermal ligustrazine patch). After treatm...

OBJECTIVE To explore opioid use by aged care facility residents before and after initiation of transdermal opioid patches. DESIGN A cross-sectional cohort study, analysing pharmacy data on individual patient supply between 1 July 2008 and 30 September 2013. SETTING Sixty residential aged care facilities in New South Wales. PARTICIPANTS Residents receiving an initial opioid patch during th...

OBJECTIVE The effect of transdermal nicotine patch on sleep physiology is not well established. The current study aimed to examine the influence of nicotine patch on homeostatic sleep propensity and autonomic nervous system. METHODS We studied 16 non-smoking young healthy volunteers with nocturnal polysomnography in a double blind crossover design between sleep with and without nicotine patch...

BACKGROUND American Indians (AI) have some of the highest smoking rates in the United States. The Muscogee Nation of Oklahoma developed a culturally targeted program called "Second Wind" based on the American Cancer Society's FreshStart smoking cessation program, but it has not been formally tested. METHODS We conducted six focus groups of AI adult smokers at the Haskell Health Center (Lawren...

Introduction: Pain is the most common reason for patients seeking root canal therapy, hence, relieving the patients from it is most essential for endodontic success. Aim: The aim of the study is to evaluate the efficacy of single dose of transdermal patch as a pre-operative analgesic in root canal treatment and to evaluate pain using visual analogue scale (VAS) at baseline, 4 hrs, 8 hrs & 24 hr...