Copper and aluminium are the two conductors most commonly used in transformer windings. This study presents a comprehensive comparison of distribution transformers built either with copper or with aluminium windings. The comparison is based on winding material conductivity, density, cost, connectivity, oxidation, machinability and behaviour under short-circuit. Additionally, a parametric analys...

This work presents a micromachined RF-CMOS transformer fabricated in a commercially available 0.18μm CMOS process. Maskless micromachining post-processing is used to remove oxide and substrate material from around the transformer, reducing parasitic effects and improving the performance of the transformer. Index Terms — baluns, CMOS integrated circuits; MEMS, maskless micromachining, Q enhancem...

In the present paper, a Transformer Design Optimization (TDO) software package is developed providing a user-friendly transformer design and visualization environment. This software consists of a collection of design optimization, visualization and verification tools, able to provide transformer designers all the proper interactive capabilities required for the enhancement of the automated desi...

An on-chip transformer with a ferrofluid magnetic core has been developed and tested. The transformer consists of solenoid-type coil and a magnetic core of ferrofluid, with the former fabricated by MEMS technology and the latter by a chemical co-precipitation method. The performance of the MEMS transformer with a ferrofluid magnetic core was measured and simulated with frequencies ranging from ...

At high frequency, the winding losses of power transformer due to skin and proximity effects becomes a significant component in the loss calculation of the transformer efficiency. This paper examines the winding losses associated with these effects for planar-type low-profile transformers that are suitable for high frequency high density soft switching power supply application. The transformer ...

Transformer inrush currents are high-magnitude, harmonic-rich currents generated when transformer cores are driven into saturation during energization. These currents have undesirable effects, including potential damage or loss-of-life to the transformer, protective relay misoperation, and reduced power quality on the system. Controlled transformer switching can potentially eliminate these tran...

During the operation, the distribution transformer performance will deteriorate. The maintenance is an essential task in enhancing the safety of distribution transformer. Based on equal deterioration theory, the relationship among distribution transformer failure rate in each period of maintenance was deduced. After analyzing the maintenance costs and the failure costs in detail, the model of o...

Ferroresonance is a highly destructive power quality phenomenon caused by complex oscillations generated by nonlinear magnetizing inductances in ferromagnetic materials and capacitive elements in power systems. In an effort to better understand ferroresonance and predict bifurcations and responses, an improved nonlinear transformer model for dynamic and steady-state operating conditions is deve...

A wind turbine transformer (WTT) is designed using a 3D wound core while the transformer’s total owning cost (TOC) and its inrush current performance realized as the two objective functions in a multi-objective optimization process. Multi-objective genetic algorithm is utilized to derive Pareto optimal solutions. The effects of inrush current improvement on other operating and design parameters...