Abstract Interleukin-9 (IL-9)-producing CD4 +T helper cells (Th9) have been implicated in allergy/asthma and anti-tumor immunity, yet molecular insights on their differentiation from activated T cells, driven by IL-4 transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β), is still lacking. Here we show opposing functions of two transcription factors, D-binding protein (DBP) E2F8, controlling Th9 differentiati...

Cells employ signaling pathways to make decisions in response to changes in their immediate environment. Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) is an important growth factor that regulates many cellular functions in development and disease. Although the molecular mechanisms of TGF-β signaling have been well studied, our understanding of this pathway is limited by the lack of tools that allow t...

Re-epithelialization is a complex process that involves migration and proliferation of keratinocytes, in addition to the production of cytokines and growth factors that affect other cells. The induction of transcription factors during these processes is crucial for successful wound healing. The transcription factor forkhead boxO-1 (FOXO1) has recently been found to be an important regulator of ...

objectives in this study, the association of tgf-β1 +915g/c and -509c/t gene polymorphisms with chronic hepatitis b was evaluated in iranian patients. materials and methods a population-based case–control study was conducted in taleghani hospital, tehran. a number of 220 patients with chronic hepatitis b and the same number of healthy control subjects were designated the case and the control gr...

Biopsies from volunteers challenged with Cryptosporidium parvum were examined for transforming growth factor beta1 (TGF-beta1). None of the prechallenge biopsies exhibited TGF-beta. Seven of 12 volunteers with oocyst shedding expressed TGF-beta versus 2 of 13 volunteers without detected oocysts. The association of TGF-beta expression with oocyst excretion and the timing of symptoms suggests tha...

Epithelial-mesenchymal crosstalk is vital for balancing expansion and regression of the progenitor cell pool during tissue turnover. In hair growth cycle, little known about mechanisms underlying regulated death follicle that precedes each regeneration re-growth. Here, we discover dermal sheath smooth muscle, which lines all follicles, controls via transforming factor (TGF)-β mechanosignaling. ...

an appropriate differentiation of distinct human cd4+ t cell subset is critical for manipulating these cells for using in immunity related diseases. despite various attempts to clarify the role of different factors involved in th17 differentiation, many crucial contradictions yet remained to be optimized. although it has been shown that the differentiation of in-vitro th17 cells culture conditi...

BACKGROUND Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) has critical roles in regulating cell growth, differentiation, apoptosis, invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of various cancer cells. TGF-β-induced EMT is an important step during carcinoma progression to invasion state. Thioredoxin binding protein-2 (TBP-2, also called Txnip or VDUP1) is downregulated in various types of huma...