Continuous gantry motion, continuous beam modulation, and variable dose rate are used in volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) to obtain highly conformal radiation distributions. Several errors during daily treatment can be sources of uncertainties delivery. These include monitor unit calculation other human mistakes. Due the excessively VMAT plan, intended distribution is not delivered perfe...

BACKGROUND A self-verification model of social anxiety views negative social self-esteem as a core feature of social anxiety. This core feature is proposed to be maintained through self-verification processes, such as by leading individuals with negative social self-esteem to prefer negative social feedback. This model is tested in two studies. METHODS In Study 1, questionnaires were administ...

Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy (IMRT) is an innovative, three-dimensional conformal radiation treatment that can deliver highly focused and precisely shaped radiation to a tumor site through the use of the Multi-Leaf Collimators (MLC). A crucial step in IMRT procedure is the verification of MLC positioning to assure the accuracy of radiation treatment delivery. In this paper, we have dev...

mathematical models have the potential to provide a cost-effective, objective, and flexible approach to assessing management decisions, particularly when these decisions are strategic alternatives. in some instances, mathematical model is the only means available for evaluating and testing alternatives.  however, in order for this potential to be realized, models must be valid for the applicati...

Introduction: GafChromic EBT films are one of the self-developing and modern films commercially available for dosimetric verification of treatment planning systems (TPSs). Their high spatial resolution, low energy dependence and near-tissue equivalence make them suitable for verification of dose distributions in radiation therapy. This study was designed to evaluate the dosimetric parameters of...