background: cutaneous leishmaniasis constitutes a major public health problem in many parts of the world including iran. the primary objective of this study was to identify leishmania spe­cies in endemic districts of kerman province, south-eastern iran . methods: this study was conducted by random sampling as cross- sectional descriptive between 2008 and 2010. overall, 203 skin scraping smears ...

The utility of DNA barcoding for identifying representative specimens of the circumpolar tree genus Fraxinus (56 species) was investigated. We examined the genetic variability of several loci suggested in chloroplast DNA barcode protocols such as matK, rpoB, rpoC1 and trnH-psbA in a large worldwide sample of Fraxinus species. The chloroplast intergenic spacer rpl32-trnL was further assessed in ...

background: regarding to the significant of the possibility of the malaria epidemic and nuisance of mosquitoes dur­ing the active season, the fauna and some ecological activities of mosquitoes in related to tree holes were investi­gated from april to december 2009 in neka county of mazandaran province, northern iran. methods: larval collection was carried out from natural, artificial breeding p...

The purpose of this study is to determine the woody species diversity in Sweet chestnut tree, Hazel-tree and Italian cypress ecosystems in the Guilan forests. A lozeng 0.5 ha sample plot was selectively established on each site. In the Sweet chestnut ecosystems , 4 sites were classified, whereas 10 sites of Hazel tree and Italian cypress ecosystems were classified based on species composition. ...

The objective of this study was to verify the accuracy tree species identification using deep learning with leaf images broadleaf and coniferous trees in outdoor photographs. For each 12 eight species, we acquired 300 photographs leaves used those produce 72,000 256 × 256-pixel images. We Caffe as framework AlexNet GoogLeNet algorithms. constructed four models that combined two patterns: one fo...

quantifying spatial structure is one of the most important components, describing natural ecosystems and their biodiversity. in this study, a set of indices and functions related to spatial structure using 102 established plots with an area of 1000 m2 were presented. to achieve spatial structure of carpinus-fagus type, a set of indices (clark & evans, uniform angle, shannon-wiener, mingling and...

Hyperspectral remote sensing provides great potential to monitor and study biodiversity of tropical forests through species identification and mapping. In this study, five species were selected to examine crown-level spectral variation within and between species using HYperspectral Digital Collection Experiment (HYDICE) data collected over La Selva, Costa Rica. Spectral angle was used to evalua...

BACKGROUND Traits of non-dominant mixed-forest tree species and their synergies for successful co-occurrence in monodominant Gilbertiodendron dewevrei forest have not yet been investigated. Here we compared the tree species diversity of the monodominant forest with its adjacent mixed forest and then determined which fitness proxies and life history traits of the mixed-forest tree species were m...