Gaps result from the alignment of sequences of unequal length during primary homology assessment. Viewed as character states originating from particular biological events (mutation), gaps contain historical information suitable for phylogenetic analysis. The effect of gaps as a source of phylogenetic data is explored via sensitivity analysis and character congruence among different data partiti...

Grush and Churchland (1995) attempt to address aspects of the proposal that we have been making concerning a possible physical mechanism underlying the phenomenon of consciousness. Unfortunately, they employ arguments that are highly misleading and, in some important respects, factually incorrect. Their article ‘Gaps in Penrose’s Toilings’ is addressed specifically at the writings of one of us ...

In recent work, thermal energy gaps. AE, it °PUPS gas, Ana; Gibbs free energy gaps, AG.,, between singlet(s) and triplet 0) states of 5.12C3H2C, I m (4 N. P. As and Sb) were calculated and compared with thoseanalogues. MC2113C, (M= CIL N. P. As and Sb) at B3LYIE6-311-NG" level of theory. Our itself showedthat Gibbs free energy gaps. AG, for l uu and 1 p are less than IS and I's, respectively. I...

clear that society too needed educating, nothing was said as to how this should be done. Lady Wootton's vivid defence of children here had some implications regarding this which were not followed up. In a sport-loving nation, she said, it is particularly shocking that the only violence which is legal is that against someone not your own size; that is, your child. (Violence against your wife, sh...

It is proved, under Martin’s Axiom, that all (ω1, ω1) gaps in P(N) / fin are indestructible in any forcing extension by a separable measure algebra. This naturally leads to a new type of gap, a summable gap. The results of these investigations have applications in Descriptive Set Theory. For example, it is shown that under Martin’s Axiom the Baire categoricity of all ∆3 non-∆ 1 3-complete sets ...

We isolate a class of Fσδ ideals on N that includes all analytic P-ideals and all Fσ ideals, and introduce ‘Luzin gaps’ in their quotients. A dichotomy for Luzin gaps allows us to freeze gaps, and prove some gap preservation results. Most importantly, under PFA all isomorphisms between quotient algebras over these ideals have continuous liftings. This gives a partial confirmation to the author’...

background: sex education is one of the challenging areas of educational systems that has always been accompanied by many problems due to some obstacles and constraints. this has led to occurrence of many behavioral problems and deviations. the aim of this study was to determine the sex education gaps in university curriculum from the students' perspective. methods: this was a descriptive-...