The chromophore of fluorescent proteins is formed by an internal cyclization of the tripeptide 65SYG67 fragment and a subsequent oxidation. The oxidation is slow - the kinetics of this step is presumably improved in fast maturing GFPs. Water molecules can aid in the chromophore formation. We have used 50ns molecular dynamics simulations of the mature and immature forms of avGFP and TurboGFP to ...

A novel inhibitor of angiotensin I converting enzyme (ACE), designated K-26, was isolated from the broth filtrate of an actiomycete K-26. K-26 is a water soluble, acidic peptide composed of an equal mol of L-isoleucine, L-tyrosine and 1(R)-1-amino-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-ethylphosphonic acid. The IC50 of K-26 for ACE inhibition was 6.7 ng/ml when hippuryl-L-histidyl-L-leucine was used as a substrat...

Holm's (1979) step-down multiple-testing procedure (MTP) is appealing for its flexibility, transparency, and general validity, but the derivation of corresponding simultaneous confidence regions has remained an unsolved problem. This article provides such confidence regions. In fact, simultanenous confidence regions are provided for any MTP in the class of short-cut consonant closed-testing pro...

The structural properties required for the binding of peptide substrates to the Escherichia coli periplasmic protein involved in oligopeptide transport were surveyed by measuring the ability of different peptides to compete for binding in an equilibrium dialysis assay with the tripeptide Ala-Phe-[3H]Gly. The protein specifically bound oligopeptides and failed to bind amino acids or dipeptides. ...

We recently reported the purification of a lymphocyte granule protein called "fragmentin," which was identified as a serine protease with the ability to induce oligonucleosomal DNA fragmentation and apoptosis (Shi, L., R. P. Kraut, R. Aebersold, and A. H. Greenberg. 1992. J. Exp. Med. 175:553). We have now purified two additional proteases with fragmentin activity from lymphocyte granules. The ...

As part of an effort to understand how proteins are imported into the peroxisome, we have sought to identify the peroxisomal targeting signals in four unrelated peroxisomal proteins: human catalase, rat hydratase:dehydrogenase, pig D-amino acid oxidase, and rat acyl-CoA oxidase. Using gene fusion experiments, we have identified a region of each protein that can direct heterologous proteins to p...

Genital abnormalities associated with Wilms' tumors in the WAGR and Denys-Drash syndromes and the failure of the gonads to develop in Wilms' tumor gene (wt1)-homozygous mutant mice suggest that WT1 may also function in sexual development. To elucidate the mechanism of action of WT1 in embryonal sexual development, we examined how the four isoforms of WT1 regulate the transcription of several ge...

Peroxisomal proteins are post-translationally imported into peroxisomes after recognition by specific receptors. The best-defined peroxisomal targeting signal is a C-terminal tripeptide SKL. Different functional variants of this tripeptide have been defined, but mutants with a SKI sequence were recognized as being inefficiently targeted to peroxisomes. Recently, we have cloned a cDNA for the mo...

Chiral and molecular recognition through protonation was investigated through the collision-activated dissociation (CAD) of protonated noncovalent complexes of aromatic amino acid enantiomers with l-alanine- and l-serine-containing tripeptides using a linear ion trap mass spectrometer. In the case of l-alanine-tripeptide (AAA), NH₃ loss was observed in the CAD of heterochiral H⁺(d-Trp)AAA, whil...

Voltage-gated K+ channel (VKC) plays important roles in biology procession, especially in nervous system. Different subfamilies of VKCs have different biological functions. Thus, knowing VKCs' subfamilies has become a meaningful job because it can guide the direction for the disease diagnosis and drug design. However, the traditional wet-experimental methods were costly and time-consuming. It i...