PURPOSE Results of a study comparing the performance of allometric versus consensus guideline-recommended vancomycin dosing in achieving initial trough concentrations within the desired range are reported. METHODS A retrospective study was conducted to compare selected outcomes with 2 vancomycin dosing methods: (1) dosing by total body weight, as recommended in current consensus guidelines, a...

Pharmacokinetic research in China on the use of voriconazole in critically ill adult patients with different pulmonary diseases remains to be explored. This study evaluated the population pharmacokinetics of the use of voriconazole (VRC) in critically ill patients to determine covariate effects on VRC pharmacokinetics by NONMEM, which could further optimize VRC dosing in this population. A one-...

PURPOSE We characterized the pharmacokinetics of onartuzumab (MetMAb) in animals and determined a concentration-effect relationship in tumor-bearing mice to enable estimation of clinical pharmacokinetics and target doses. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN A tumor growth inhibition model was used to estimate tumoristatic concentrations (TSC) in mice. Human pharmacokinetic parameters were projected from phar...

The study objective was to evaluate the pharmacodynamics of amprenavir in an in vitro system, develop an exposure target for maximal viral suppression, and determine the likelihood of target attainment based on the pharmacokinetics of amprenavir and ritonavir in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients. Population pharmacokinetic data were obtained from 13 HIV-infected patients rece...

A 72-year-old man undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) for chronic renal failure and who had undergone right upper lobectomy for lung adenocarcinoma (pT2aN0M0) 2 years ago was admitted for recurrence of lung cancer presenting as multiple brain metastases. An epidermal growth factor receptor mutation analysis of his lung cancer revealed a deletion of 15 nucleotides (E746-A...

We investigated the pharmacokinetics of meropenem after the first and tenth i.m. administration in patients with respiratory tract infections. Ten patients (mean age 63.8 +/- 5.2 years) received meropenem 500 mg tds for at least ten doses, and plasma and urine antibiotic concentrations were determined by microbiological assay. After the first injection a mean peak plasma concentration of 7.93 +...

vancomycin susceptibility of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus has been changed over time and its average minimum inhibitory concentration increased from 1.5 to 1.75 mg/l. a recently published guideline by the american society of health pharmacist recommended a daily dose of 15-20 mg/kg every 8 to 12 hours of vancomycin to achieve a trough concentration between 15-20 mg/l for treatmen...

AIMS Although quantitative anti-FXa assays can be used to measure rivaroxaban plasma levels, they are not widely performed or available. We aimed to tentatively determine the cut-off for thromboembolism and bleeding prevention based on the clotting effect of non-rivaroxaban conjugate-activated FX plasma levels in patients with rivaroxaban using a coagulometric method. METHODS AND RESULTS Riva...

BACKGROUND Ulcerative colitis is predominantly a disease of non-smokers, and transdermal nicotine is therapeutic but often results in side-effects. Administration of nicotine as a liquid rectal enema results in less systemic nicotine absorption. AIM To determine the safety and clinical response of nicotine tartrate liquid enemas for active left-side ulcerative colitis in a pilot study. METH...