Background: Postoperative pulmonary complications (PPC) are of the major reasons for death. Prolonged mechanical ventilation (PMV) and delayed extubation are leading to the incidence of more seriously complications. The effect of hyperinflation has not been investigated in control of these complications in patients who have been weaned from mechanical ventilation and are undergoing T-tube suppo...

Biliary reconstruction continues to be a major source of morbidity following orthotopic liver transplantation. We wished to determine if choledochocholedochostomy without a T-tube was associated with fewer biliary complications and was less costly than choledochocholedochostomy with a T-tube. A retrospective cohort study of patients who underwent liver transplantation was performed. Patients we...

To the Editor: W e read with great interest the recent publication of López-Andújar et al1 presenting their results of a prospective and randomized clinical trial referring to the incidence and severity of biliary complications due to liver transplantation (LT) after choledochocholedochostomy for the biliary reconstruction with or without a temporary T-tube. Biliary complications including leak...

PURPOSE T-tube is a major procedure that prevents complication by biliary decompression, but which is accompanied by complications. Therefore, several procedures such as ENBD, PTBD, and antegrade biliary stent have been attempted, but with controversies as to which procedure is superior. Also, there are no standard procedures after laparoscopic CBD exploration. We performed this study to ascert...

UNLABELLED Tympanostomy tube (TT) insertion is one of the most frequently performed procedures in otolaryngology. Otorrhea, tympanosclerosis, retraction, perforation, and cholesteatoma are complications reported in the literature after its application. AIM To determine the incidence and the type of TT insertion sequelae/complications in children presenting with recurrent otitis media and chro...

Background: Insertion of a nasogastric tube in an anesthetized intubated patient may be difficult. A is prone to coil and kink during insertion. The authors hypothesized that gastric biopsy forceps could used as flexible stylet-assisted It can improve the first-attempt success rate over conventional blind technique insertion patient. Materials Methods: Eighty adult patients who required intraop...

Background: There is some demand for nasogastric tube insertion in unconscious or ICU patients. Nasogastric tubes are generally made of flexible plastic materials, prone to twisting and deviation by the tracheal tube, when passing through the pharynx and esophageal opening, making it difficult to insert the NG-tube properly. We hypothesized that NG-tube insertion with help of guidewire can sign...

Dear Editor, The Baerveldt glaucoma implant (BGI; Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, IL, USA) is a widely used glaucoma drainage device for intraocular pressure (IOP) control. Although the BGI effectively controls IOP, the possibility of postoperative ocular hypotony owing to excessive aqueous drainage and tube-related complications still remains [1,2]. Given that the amount of aqueous drainage ...