INTRODUCTION Treatment with various biological agents in disease states such as rheumatoid arthritis has been associated with multiple side effects. Whereas many of these are frequently reported in the literature, hypoglycemia, a possible side effect of tumor necrosis factor-alpha inhibitors, may be underpublicized. CASE PRESENTATION We report nine cases of non-diabetic Caucasian women who we...

background: pregnancy associated osteoporosis (pao) can lead to serious difficulties such as fragility fractures, elongated back pain and height loss in affected women. soluble receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa b ligand (srankl) to osteoprotegerin (opg) ratio is chosen as a bone metabolism equation in many bone diseases characterized by bone resorption, such as post-menopausal osteopor...

: Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a relatively common chronic inflammatory disease. The tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) considered as major mediator in inflammation reactions. No review articles have been done on evaluating TNF-α levels before and after performing standard treatments of OLP so far. This study aimed to provide complete the association between this cytokine well determining role ...