This paper proposes a tunnel window, a versatile three dimensional interaction technique, for both navigation and remote object manipulation in a large scale virtual environment. A tunnel window, which is created at an arbitrary position in space using a set of hand gesture commands, provides a secondary view whose viewpoint can be controlled independently from that of the primary view. A tunne...

BACKGROUND Tunnel enlargement is frequently seen in short-term follow-up after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). According to new evidence, tunnel enlargement may be followed by tunnel narrowing, but the long-term evolution of the tunnels is currently unknown. HYPOTHESIS/PURPOSE The hypothesis was that tunnel enlargement is followed by tunnel narrowing caused by ossification a...

There are various methods for the analysis of the interactional behavior of the surrounding land, using the lining structure which is the most common method of deigning lining structure tools for the static loads by using the hyper static methods. In recent years, there has been a question that depicts whether this method provides the best results in designing the tunnel structure or not.Due to...

Three-dimensional model is established with finite difference method to simulate construction process based on design and construction plans of existing overpass pile foundation adjacent to certain large-section railway tunnel in Chengdu, China. Ground, isolation pile, main bridge pier and ramp pile near the tunnel are taken as research object, and surface settlement amount, displacement change...

We introduce a new transistor architecture based on inter-band tunneling mechanism as a step towards exploring steep switching transistors for energy efficient logic applications. While there have been reports on tunnel transistors in Si, Ge material system and their alloys, we focus specifically on narrow gap compound semiconductor (CS) systems to develop tunnel transistors. We address the fol...

Vol. 9 No. 2 1997 5 The public Internet is fast becoming a ubiquitous and inexpensive medium for connecting remote employees or offices to a private intranet or for permitting impromptu high-speed connections between business partners. This gain in connectivity is offset by a significant loss in security, however. The Internet is notorious for electronic break-ins and eavesdropping. The AltaVis...

BACKGROUND An anatomic reconstruction of coracoclavicular (CC) ligaments typically requires drilling tunnels in the clavicle. An increase in fracture complications has been associated with graft tunnel position. A method of drilling clavicle tunnels that would better re-create anatomic function of the CC ligaments without increasing fracture risk would be an improvement. PURPOSE To evaluate t...

The joints between segmental rings can withstand a certain amount of bending moment as well as axial and shear forces. Generally, in the structural analysis of tunnel segmental lining, the joints can be modeled as elastic hinges or rotational springs, and their rigidity should be demonstrated in terms of the rigidity of the joints or their rotational stiffness. Therefore, the bending moment act...

The aim of this study was to investigate whether bilateral widespread pressure hypersensitivity exists in patients with unilateral carpal tunnel syndrome. A total of 20 females with carpal tunnel syndrome (aged 22-60 years), and 20 healthy matched females (aged 21-60 years old) were recruited. Pressure pain thresholds were assessed bilaterally over median, ulnar, and radial nerve trunks, the C5...