It is generally believed that the initiation of breast cancer is a consequence of cumulative genetic damage leading to genetic alterations and provoking uncontrolled cellular proliferation and/or aberrant programmed cell death, or apoptosis. Reactive oxygen species have been related to the etiology of cancer as they are known to be mitogenic and therefore capable of tumor promotion. The aim of ...

Skin hyperpigmentation is a biological process that results in an excess production of melanin. Tyrosinase inhibition effective approach to this condition, although inhibitors reported the literature lack clinical efficacy or show toxic effects. Chalcone derivatives are well known tyrosinase but insoluble aqueous phase limiting its use final product formulations. The aim study develop new chalc...

Abstract Background The oviduct of a hen provides conducive environment for egg formation, which needs large amount mineral elements from the blood via trans-epithelial permeability. Eggshell is calcified layer on outside an that protection and critical quality. However, little known about genes or proteins involved in eggshell their relationship to dietary microminerals. We hypothesized seleni...

The present study investigated the influence of the cigarette smoke extract (CSE) on mammalian thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) activity. TrxR is a selenoenzyme with a selenocysteine (Sec) residue exposed on the enzyme's surface. This unique Sec residue is particularly susceptible to modification by numerous types of electrophiles, leading to inactivation of TrxR and consequent cytotoxicity. Cigare...

Understanding the dynamic relationship between components of a system or pathway at the individual cell level is a current challenge. To address this, we developed an approach that allows simultaneous tracking of several endogenous proteins of choice within individual living human cells. The approach is based on fluorescent tagging of proteins at their native locus by directed gene targeting. A...

The present study was conducted to examine the effects of retinoic acid (RA) on the synthesis of selenoprotein and the antioxidative indices of bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMEC) in vitro and to explore the antioxidative mechanisms of RA in the BMEC. The subconfluenced BMEC were divided into six treatments with six replicates per treatment and cultured in a Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle’s Mediu...

Au25 clusters stabilized by tridecapeptides were firstly synthesized, which can well penetrate the cell membrane and exactly locate in the cytoplasm. Hence the Au clusters significantly suppress the TrxR1 activity in the cytoplasm, and further induce the up-regulation of the activated PARP level which allows the tumor cell apoptosis to occur in a Au dose dependent manner.

PURPOSE Protecting the lens against oxidative stress is of great importance in delaying the onset of cataract. Isothiocyanates, such as sulforaphane (SFN), are proposed to provide cytoprotection against oxidative stress. We therefore tested the ability of SFN to perform this role in lens cells and establish its ability to delay the onset of cataract. METHODS The human lens epithelial cell lin...

BACKGROUND Arsenic (As) causes oxidative stress through generation of reactive oxygen species. 8-Oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG), a sensitive marker of oxidative DNA damage, has been associated with As exposure in some studies, but not in others, possibly due to population-specific genetic factors. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the association between As and 8-oxodG in urine in a populat...