Most systems are characterized by uncertainties that cause throughput to be highly variable, for example, many modern production processes and services are substantially affected by random yields. When yield is random, not only is the usable quantity uncertain, but the random yield reduces usable capacity and throughput in the system. For these reasons, strategies are needed that incorporate ra...

Tsallis entropy is a flexible extension of Shanon (logarithm) entropy. Since measures indeterminacy an uncertain random variable, this paper proposes the concept partial for variables as devise in chance theory. An approach calculating variables, based on Monte Carlo simulation, provided. As application finance, invoked to optimize portfolio selection returns via crow search algorithm.

We demonstrate that auctioning market licenses may result in higher market prices than assigning them via more random allocation mechanisms. When future market pro…t is uncertain, winning an auction is like winning a lottery ticket. If …rms di¤er in risk attitudes, auctions select the least risk averse …rm, which, in turn, set a higher price (or a higher quantity, in case quantity is the decisi...

The concept of Conditional Value-at-Risk (CVaR) is used in various applications in uncertain environment. This paper introduces CVaR (superquantile) norm for a random variable, which is by de nition CVaR of absolute value of this random variable. It is proved that CVaR norm is indeed a norm in the space of random variables. CVaR norm is de ned in two variations: scaled and non-scaled. L-1 and L...

In uncertain scalar fields, where the values at every point can be assumed as realizations of a random variable, standard deviations indicate the strength of possible variations of these values from their mean values, independently of the values at any other point in the domain. To infer the possible variations at different points relative to each other, and thus to predict the possible structu...

detention rockfill dams are an easy and common tool for flood control. due to their coarse pores, the flow in void spaces is turbulent and non-darcy. different relationships introduced by researchers are used to define the hydraulics of the flow within the rockfill materials. the present research is aimed at gaining a better understanding of the differ-ence among these relationships and the sou...