INTRODUCTION The uncorrected refractive error is an important cause of childhood blindness and visual impairment. OBJECTIVE To study the patterns of refractive errors among the urban and rural school going children of Nepal. SUBJECTS AND METHODS A total of 440 school children of urban and rural schools within the age range of 7-15 years were selected for this study using multi-stage randomi...

BACKGROUND Data on causes of vision impairment and blindness are important for development of public health policies, but comprehensive analysis of change in prevalence over time is lacking. METHODS We did a systematic analysis of published and unpublished data on the causes of blindness (visual acuity in the better eye less than 3/60) and moderate and severe vision impairment ([MSVI] visual ...

PURPOSE To present a format for reporting outcomes of aberrometer-guided refractive procedures. SETTING SurgiVision Consultants, Inc., Scottsdale, Arizona, and Food and Drug Administration, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, Rockland, Maryland, USA. METHODS Reports of standard refractive and visual outcomes (uncorrected visual acuity, manifest refractive spherical equivalent, best ...

PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the refractive and visual outcomes of wavefront-guided laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) in eyes with myopic astigmatism and cylindrical component ≥2.0 diopter (D). METHODS In this retrospective study, 611 eyes that underwent LASIK for simple or compound myopic astigmatism were analyzed. Preoperative refractive cylinder ranged from -2.00 D ...

AIM To determine the prevalence rates and major contributing causes of low vision and blindness in adults in a rural setting in Indonesia METHODS A population based prevalence survey of adults 21 years or older (n=989) was conducted in five rural villages and one provincial town in Sumatra, Indonesia. One stage household cluster sampling procedure was employed where 100 households were random...

Materials and Methods: This retrospective study was conducted at Laser Vision Center, Model Town, Lahore. It comprised of 200 patients(400 eyes) that underwent PRK on Summit Apex Plus excimer laser from 20 Feb 2004 to 3 June 2005. All consecutive patients with complete relevant data were included in the study. Three months postoperatively, the uncorrected visual acuity and complications in each...

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE To determine the contribution of refractive error to visual impairment in visually impaired patients attending Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital, Ghana. METHOD This study was conducted over a period of 1 year beginning October 2002 at Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital. Every 4th consecutive new case attending the eye clinic, aged 6 years and above was selected and interviewed using a stru...

OBJECTIVE To estimate the potential global economic productivity loss associated with the existing burden of visual impairment from uncorrected refractive error (URE). METHODS Conservative assumptions and national population, epidemiological and economic data were used to estimate the purchasing power parity-adjusted gross domestic product (PPP-adjusted GDP) loss for all individuals with impa...

Purpose. To characterize the symptomatology of refractive, accommodative, and nonstrabismic binocular dysfunctions and to assess the association between dysfunctions and symptoms. Methods. 175 randomised university students were examined. Subjects were given a subjective visual examination with accommodative and binocular tests, evaluating their symptomatology. Accommodative and binocular dysfu...

The World Health Organization estimates that 13 million children aged 5-15 years worldwide are visually impaired from uncorrected refractive error [1]. Uncorrected refractive errors are the most common cause of visual impairment in school children in Nepal [2,3]. Correction of refractive error through provision of spectacles improves vision related quality of life and self reported visual funct...