Underground pipelines constitute one of the most important ways to transport large amounts of fluid (e.g. oil and water) through long distances. However, existing leakage detection techniques do not work well in monitoring the underground pipelines due to the harsh underground environmental conditions. In this paper, a new solution, the magnetic induction (MI)-based wireless sensor network for ...

Magnetic resonance sounding (MRS) is a novel geophysical method to detect groundwater directly. By applying this method to underground projects in mines and tunnels, warning information can be provided on water bodies that are hidden in front prior to excavation and thus reduce the risk of casualties and accidents. However, unlike its application to ground surfaces, the application of MRS to un...

Apulia, in the absence of surface water, is one of the Italian regions which satisfy their water requirements by drawing large quantities (over 40%) of its water from underground resources. The large amounts drawn from these resources in the last few years due to increasing human activity on the territory has determined a general and inevitable reduction of the quality of the underground water ...

The aim of this study was to determine the concentration of fluoride in drinking water, the distribution system, in 22 villages in Shout (A city in West Azerbaijan province). Sampling of springs and underground water was carried out in two warm and cold seasons. Fluoride concentration were determined through spectrophotometer with a model, DR/5000.The fluoride concentration were compared with I...

Sudden water inrush has been a deadly killer in underground engineering for decades. Currently, especially in developing countries, frequent water inrush accidents still kill a large number of miners every year. In this study, an approach for predicting the probability of fault-induced water inrush in underground engineering using the adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) was developed....

Hydrodynamic separators are proprietary underground devices designed to remove floatable debris e.g., leaves, trash, oil and to remove suspended solids from storm-water runoff by sedimentation. They are designed for storm-water treatment in urban areas to meet tight space constraints. Limited data on the suspended solids removal performance of installed devices are available, and existing data ...

Studies were carried out on the localization and mapping of gas stations in the urban area of São Carlos city, for an environmental diagnosis related to soil, surface water and underground water contamination resulting from likely leaking in fuel underground storage tanks. Considering that a provision of legal restriction makes it possible that most of public areas are not located in gas statio...