undoubtedly, one of the most fundamental issues in the study of law is obligation that has diverse types. one of them is alternative obligation which, despite instances in the iranian legal system, has not been mentioned by the civil code and has received less attention from authors. alternative obligation for the parties has several advantages and facilities including further guarantee of the ...

françois mauriac, a scholar and a famous french author and the winner of the nobel prize in literature, , unlike any of his contemporaries is not known in iran. in this article, it has been attempted to know him better on the basis of his viewpoints toward two famous contemporaries, andré gide and marcel proust. mauriac believes that these two writers incorporated a detailed reflection of relig...

Dar al-Arqam has played a vital role in the education of nascent Muslim community during its formative days. It was undoubtedly one earliest educational institution Muslims wherein Prophet (peace be upon Him) imparted basic teachings Islam through Qur’an. This articles aims to highlight significant by e Arqam early period Islam.

Analysis of the Central England Instrumental Temperatures data set (1659-present) has provided answer as to cause decreased temperatures during Little Ice Age (LIA) (and undoubtedly, also those all other Ages). The were caused by injection reflective (dimming) Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) aerosols into stratosphere from extensive occurrences VEI4-VEI7 volcanic eruptions.

In a zoo hothouse in the Netherlands, psocid Cyptophania hirsuta Banks, 1931 was sampled 2019 and 2021, indicating population. These finds are remarkable, since species hitherto only known from Mexico few islands Oceania. The introduction pathway is undoubtedly consignment of tropical plants central America that used to furnish hothouse.

In the era of digitalization, a rapid development technologies takes place in various spheres human activity. The pace introduction these digital is so high that gap has emerged, and constantly growing, between capabilities digitalization products legal regulation their application consequences to which erroneous or intended use may lead. applied aspect relations within environment, caused by n...

This paper discussed the possibility and related strategies of applying computer virtual technology from perspectives current resources situation digital conservation Chongqing industrial heritage. It is undoubtedly that application has brought new opportunities for living state heritage culture inheritance in However, better requires adapting to local conditions fully integrating with field co...

Undoubtedly, empirical data from Oregon will play a key role for academics, legislators, judges, and the public as debate over the legalization of physician-assisted suicide continues. A central issue in the debate is whether a right to assisted suicide can be limited to only the truly compelling cases, or whether it will in practice be provided to patients who choose it out of depression, coer...

The application of stability theory has led to detailed studies of different types of vessels; however, the shortage of information relating to multihull vessels demanded further investigation. This study shows that the position of the hulls has a very influential effect on both the transverse and longitudinal stability of the tricore. HSC stability code is applied for the optimisation of the h...

This monograph compiles innovative data, covering many aspects of lung biology: respiratory mechanics; gas exchange and gas transport; gas diffusion; and control of breathing. It describes physiologic observations, and analyzes and interprets them with the precision that only mathematics and physics can provide. Under the inspirational leadership of Dr. John West, authors from the United States...