Course holding by cyclists and moped riders includes both steering alongside a course and stabilising the vehicle. Inability to hold course may lead to conflicts with other road users. To design safe bicycle and moped facilities, and to consider the safety of those existing, knowledge about performance during course holding is necessary. Based on a literature survey, the article discusses how c...

Ground vibrations generated by heavy trucks and buses are a common source of environmental problem. They can reach levels that may cause nuisance to residents, damage to near-by structures, and perturbation in the functioning of sensitive equipment. These vibrations are produced mainly when the vehicle wheel’s pass over a speed reducer such as a road hump or a speed cushion. This study aims to ...

In this contribution, the causes leading to undesired unevenness on exterior surface of a paper-based sandwich structure during manufacturing process are investigated. This provides insight into parameters that need be adjusted reduce waviness. A finite element model pressing is developed in commercial software ABAQUS and then used analyze formation unevenness. The adopted consists decorative l...