INTRODUCTION Impact standards for ice hockey helmets evaluate only unused, newly manufactured helmets[1]. Although previous studies have investigated the performance effects of used helmets [2], there has been little reported regarding the sole effect of age on unused helmets. In 2007, Pearsall & Dowler[3] published results for the effects of age on five helmet models and found that in general ...

The costs and benefits of protein expression are balanced through evolution. Expression of un-utilized protein (that have no benefits in the current environment) incurs a quantifiable fitness costs on cellular growth rates; however, the magnitude and variability of un-utilized protein expression in natural settings is unknown, largely due to the challenge in determining environment-specific pro...

one of the most important duties of government in public health sector is to provide secured sources for medicines supply. there are some regulations for domestic pharmaceutical industry. in addition, there is a discipline for importing medicine to be ensured about their claimed characteristics. in medicines registration process, moh (fdo in iran) assess ‘safety’, ‘quality’ and ‘efficacy’ of me...

Probiotics are among those products, the use of which is increasing, and they available primarily as food/dietary supplements, well in form medicines. This study aims to assess attitudes practices health professionals students sciences, give a short overview probiotics currently on market, conduct screening five food supplements one drug with respect antibiotic resistance. Nearly half responden...

Abstract Pharmaceuticals are increasingly used to treat and prevent disease globally. However, this trend has the potential increase pharmaceutical discharge into environment, especially from households. released environment can harm human health, e.g., antimicrobial resistance. Thus, it is important understand drivers of use, storage, disposal among community. The main objectives study twofold...

We analyze the approximation behavior of some of the best-known polynomial-time approximation algorithms for bin-packing under an approximation criterion, called differential ratio, informally the ratio (n − λ(I))/(n − β(I)), where n is the size of the input list, λ(I) is the size of the solution provided by an approximation algorithm and β(I) is the size of the optimal one. This measure has or...