PURPOSE Fast swim times in morning rounds are essential to ensure qualification in evening finals. A significant time-of-day effect in swimming performance has consistently been observed, although physical activity early in the day has been postulated to reduce this effect. The aim of this study was to compare intradaily variation in race-pace performance of swimmers routinely undertaking morni...

Warming up before performing rigorous physical activity is typically done to increase range of motion and improve athletic performance. Common warm-up techniques in college athletics include static stretching, proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) stretching, dynamic warm-ups, and sport-specific activities. However, the type of warm-up routine used in the college setting varies based ...

OBJECTIVE To determine the short- and long-term effects of resistance training on muscle strength, psychological well-being, control-beliefs, cognitive speed and memory in normally active elderly people. METHODS 46 elderly people (mean age 73.2 years; 18 women and 28 men), were randomly assigned to training and control groups (n=23 each). Pre- and post-tests were administered 1 week before an...

are then able to continue exertion with few or no symptoms but, unlike warm-up angina, without an intervening period of rest. Some of these phenomena have been recognised for centuries2 but they now receive less attention because of effective anti-angina treatment and changes in investigative techniques. For example treadmill exercise testing does not allow rest and imposes incremental increase...

The efficient coordination of agonist and antagonist muscles is one of the important early adaptations in resistance training responsible for large increases in strength. Weak antagonist muscles may limit speed of movement; consequently, strengthening them leads to an increase in agonist muscle movement speed. However, the effect of combining agonist and antagonist muscle exercises into a power...

This study examined the effects of baseline flexibility and vertical jump ability on straight leg raise range of motion (ROM) and counter-movement jump performance (CMJ) following different volumes of stretching and potentiating exercises. ROM and CMJ were measured after two different warm-up protocols involving static stretching and potentiating exercises. Three groups of elite athletes (10 ma...

The purpose of this study was to compare three warm-up protocols--static stretching, dynamic stretching, and light aerobic activity--on selected measures of range of motion and power in untrained females and to investigate the sustained effects at 5 and 30 minutes after warm-up. A total of 24 healthy females (ages 23-29 years) attended one familiarization session and three test sessions on nonc...

OBJECTIVE To assess the acute effect of vigorous aerobic exercise on the inhibitory control in adolescents. METHODS Controlled, randomized study with crossover design. Twenty pubertal individuals underwent two 30-minute sessions: 1) aerobic exercise session performed between 65%-75% of heart rate reserve, divided into 5minutes of warm-up, 20minutes at the target intensity and 5minutes of cool...