Understanding the response of the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) to global warming requires quantitative data on ENSO under different climate regimes. Here, we present a reconstruction of ENSO in the eastern tropical Pacific spanning the past 10,000 years derived from oxygen isotopes in fossil mollusk shells from Peru. We found that ENSO variance was close to the modern level in the early ...

The North Iceland shelf bears essential components of the present surface and intermediate circulation of the northern North Atlantic. Instrumental and historical data give evidence of the sensitivity of this domain to broad, regional-scale oceanic and atmospheric anomalies. Our investigation of the paleohydrological variability off Northern Iceland throughout the last 10 000 cal yr suggests th...

The precipitation climatology and the underlying climate mechanisms of the eastern Mediterranean, West Asia, and the Indian subcontinent are reviewed, with emphasis on upper and middle tropospheric flow in the subtropics and its steering of precipitation. Holocene climate change of the region is summarized from proxy records. The Indian monsoon weakened during the Holocene over its northernmost...

Millennial-scale climate variability has been increasingly recognized as one of the most prominent features of the Holocene. However, regional responses, especially in terms of moisture conditions, are poorly documented and understood. Here we present lithologic and magnetic evidence from White Lake in northern New Jersey, USA, to show that low lake levels occurred at about 1.3, 3.0, 4.4 and 6....

Varved minerogenic sediments from glacial-fed Blue Lake, northern Alaska, are used to investigate late Holocene climate variability. Varvethickness measurements track summer temperature recorded at Atigun Pass, located 41 km east at a similar elevation (r = 0.31, P = 0.08). Results indicate that climate in the Brooks Range from 10 to 730 AD (varve year) was warm with precipitation inferred to b...

Collins, L.B., Zhu, Z.R., Wyrwoll, K.-H., Hatcher, B.G., Playford, P.E., Eisenhauer, A., Chen, J.H., Wasserburg, G.J. and Bonani, G., 1993. Holocene growth history of a reef complex on a cool-water carbonate margin: Easter Group of the Houtman Abrolhos, Eastern Indian Ocean. Mar. Geol., 115: 29-46. The Houtman Abrolhos reefs, situated on the western continental margin of Australia, occupy a tra...

the purpose of this research is to analyze heat waves characteristics in the warm period of the year as a climatic hazard in iran. in this study, the daily maximum temperature is taken at 44 synoptic stations during the period 1981-2010. these temperature values were used to extract the intensity, frequency and duration of heat waves using percentile thresholds of 90, 95, and 98. the results sh...

A continuous record of organic carbon δ13C from a buried soil sequence in south-central Texas demonstrates: 1) strong coupling between marine and adjacent continental ecosystems in the late Pleistocene as a result of glacial meltwater entering the Gulf of Mexico and 2) ecosystem decoupling in the Holocene associated with a reduction of meltwater and a shift in global circulation patterns. In th...

The penultimate temperate period, 127110 ka before present (BP), bracketed by abrupt shifts of the global climate system initiating and terminating it, is considered as an analogue of the Holocene because of a similar low global ice-volume. Ice core records as well as continental and marine records exhibit conflicting evidence concerning the climate variability within this period, the Last Inte...