planning for urban density is one of the most important problems facing contemporary urban planning at both national and universal. urbanized world - that is changing permanently - needs an optimum extent of urban density which can consider both quantitative (efficient use of land and urban infrastructures, reducing energy consumption, etc.) and qualitative requirements (such as providing desir...

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BACKGROUND Smoking is an important health threat in Turkey. This study aimed to determine the frequency of and main factors associated with smoking in persons of 15 years and over, and the frequency of passive smoking in homes in the South-east Anatolian Project (SEAP) Region in Turkey. METHODS A cross sectional design was employed. The sample was chosen by the State Institute of Statistics u...

Urbanization and vector domestication are currently proposed as factors that contributed to the recent increase of American cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL). Is likely also urban transmission? Oran is the main city in the Argentinean hyper-endemic area of ACL, and human cases in urban residences are usually reported. In order to assess the spatial distribution of risk, phlebotomine traps were loca...

conclusions according to the results, the iranian public health centers preparedness against disasters before, during and after accidents were in safety level 4 from 10, which was undesirable. results risk rate, functional, non-structural and structural preparedness and final safety level were 58.62%, 51.48%, 54.82%, 33.97%, and 43.72%, respectively. background ahvaz metropolitan as an industri...

It has been widely asserted that the morphology of urban areas is a result of the interactions of urban function and urban form. This has led a number of studies to postulate, either explicitly or implicitly, that a mapping exists between the physical form (land cover) of the urban fabric and its corresponding function and activity (land use), although relatively little quantitative evidence ha...

MANY patients in mental hospitals, while no longer needing the active treatment services of a hospital, are still unable to live in the community without help. In addition, there are many patients in the community for whom hospitalisation is not yet necessary but for whom some form of help is needed to prevent it in the near future. Voluntary and governmental groups have long been aware of the ...