Two-dimensional MXenes have recently received increased attention due to their facile synthesis process and extraordinary properties suitable for many different applications. During the wet etching of MXenes, native defects, such as metal carbon or nitrogen vacancies, are produced, but underlying defect formation processes poorly understood. Here, we employ first-principles calculations evaluat...

In-grown vacancy defects in bulk and quasi-bulk GaN crystals have been extensively studied with positron annihilation spectroscopy. High concentrations of Ga-vacancy-related are found irrespective the growth method used a high O contamination or intentional doping, they act as dominant compensating native defect for n-type conductivity. Low-temperature crystal also leads to defects. Ga vacancie...

Using the path-integral Monte Carlo method, we calculate the energy to form single and pair vacancies and interstitials in a two-dimensional Wigner crystal of electrons. We confirm that the lowest energy point defects of a 2D electron Wigner crystal are interstitials, with a creation energy roughly 2/3 that of a vacancy. The formation energy of the defects goes to zero at melting, suggesting th...

Perturbed angular correlation of gamma rays was applied to determine properties of equilibrium defects in B2 NiAl near the stoichiometric composition. Point defects were detected through quadrupole interactions they induce at In probe atoms on the Al sublattice. Well-resolved signals were observed for probe atoms having zero, one or two Ni-vacancies (VNi) in the first neighbor shell. The fracti...