Vulvar and vaginal atrophy (VVA) is a chronic and progressive medical condition common in postmenopausal women. Symptoms of VVA such as dyspareunia, vaginal dryness, irritation, and itching can negatively impact sexual function and quality of life. The REVIVE (REal Women's VIews of Treatment Options for Menopausal Vaginal ChangEs) survey assessed knowledge about VVA and recorded attitudes about...

Design of experiments made for correlated the hormonal activity of steroids and their effect on the vaginal structure properties. Vaginal wall consists of distinct layers of cells which strongly differ regarding growth in answer to steroid hormones. The presence study carried out for functional evaluation and sustained replacement effect of the reproductive hormones on the vaginal morphometry i...

Physiologic changes in a woman's life, such as childbirth, weight fluctuations, and hormonal changes due to aging and menopause, may alter the laxity of the vaginal canal, damage the pelvic floor, and devitalize the mucosal tone of the vaginal wall. These events often lead to the development of genitourinary conditions such as stress urinary incontinence; vaginal atrophy; dryness; and physiolog...

Objectives: The aim of the study was to evaluate effectiveness CO 2 fractional laser therapy on perimenopausal urogenital symptoms. Material and methods: This prospective, open-label included 205 patients who received three treatments. Clinical assessment checked at baseline as well six weeks 12 months post-treatment. following scores were measured Vaginal Health Index Score (VHIS), Internation...

The risk-benefit evaluation for managing vasomotor symptoms and other menopause-related health issues should be tailored to each individual woman, taking into account her own assessment of the most bothersome symptom(s) and her personal weighting of risks versus quality of life. For most symptomatic menopausal women, hormone therapy (HT) remains the best treatment, but various nonhormonal optio...

10.2217/14750708.4.3.349 © 2 Up to 40%of postmenopausal women have symptoms of atrophic vaginitis. Since the condition is attributable to estrogen deficiency, it may also occur in premenopausal women who take antiestrogenic medications or who have medical or surgical conditions that result in decreased levels of estrogen. The thinned vaginal epithelium and increased vaginal pH level induced by ...