In this article we investigate subring growth of Z for small n using p-adic integration. To the memory of Fritz Grunewald

In this paper, we introduce the notions of product vague graph, balanced product vague graph, irregularity and total irregularity of any irregular vague graphs and some results are presented. Also, density and balanced irregular vague graphs are discussed and some of their properties are established. Finally we give an application of vague digraphs.

November 2005 Vol.6 No.2 IEEE Intelligent Informatics Bulletin Abstract--Similarity measure is one of important, effective and widely-used methods in data processing and analysis. As vague set theory has become a promising representation of fuzzy concepts, in this paper we present a similarity measure approach for better understanding the relationship between two vague sets in applications. Com...

In this paper, we present two new methods for evaluating students’ answerscripts using vague values, where the evaluating marks awarded to the questions in the students’ answerscripts are represented by vague values. The vague mark awarded to each question of a student’s answerscript can be regarded as a vague set, where each element in the universe of discourse belonging to the vague set is re...

The notion of an interval-valued (∈,∈ ∨q)-fuzzy subring(ideal,prime) in ring is introduced and their characterizations are investigated. Mathematics Subject Classification: 03E72,16D25