Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) frequently recurs even after curative hepatectomy. To develop an integrated multigene expression panel, 144 patients were randomly assigned to either discovery or validation set in a 1:2 ratio. Using surgically resected HCC specimens, expression levels of 12 candidate molecular markers were determined using quantitative reverse-transcriptase PCR. In the discovery ...

The presence and composition of lymphocytes characterizing an immune response has been connected to prognosis in advanced ovarian cancer. Our aim is to establish novel associations between prognosis and the expression of immune-related genes through a focused screen utilizing publicly available high-throughput assays. We consider transcriptome profiles from n=1137 advanced ovarian cancer patien...

moving in line with the postulation that metadiscourse (md) markers help transform a dry and tortuous piece of text into a coherent and reader-friendly one, the researchers in the current study attempted to investigate the effect different metadiscourse markers might have on iranian efl learners’ perception of written texts. to this end, 120 undergraduate english students were given three diffe...

metadiscourse is a widely used term in current discourse analysis and language education, referring to an interesting, and relatively new approach to conceptualizing interaction between text producers and their texts and between text producers and users. despite the growing importance of the term, however, it is often understood in different ways and used to refer to different aspects of langua...

Magnetic Resonance (MR) imaging-based motion and deformation tracking techniques combined with finite element (FE) analysis are a powerful method for soft tissue constitutive model parameter identification. However, deriving deformation data fromMR images is complex and generally requires validation. In this paper a validation method is presented based on a silicone gel phantom containing contr...

Simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers were used to authenticate ramets of 11 Persian walnut ( Juglans regia L.) varieties. All varieties and 28 their (n = 39) genotyped with 17 SSR markers. The genetic profiles revealed two off-types: the Serr 4 (S4) Vina 1 (V1). fingerprints individuating possible using 13 polymorphic SSRs that could be in future identify clones these Except for ‘Chandler’, eac...

The evaluation of biological markers is recognized as necessary to the future of toxicology, epidemiology, and quantitative risk assessment. For biological markers to become widely accepted, their validity must be ascertained. This paper explores the range of considerations that compose the concept of validity as it applies to the evaluation of biological markers. Three broad categories of vali...

Molecular heterogeneity exists even within tumors derived from the same tissue of origin, and clinical benefit associated with any drug is typically limited to a subset of patients. This aspect of cancer and cancer therapy remains the most challenging, even in the current era of “targeted therapy,” which is characterized by a move from the empiric approach of “one size fits all” to personalized...

Clinical pharmacologic research plays a vital role in cancer drug development. In recent years, biomarker studies have become integral to this process, specifically the use of pharmacologic biomarkers in the development of targeted therapies and their translation to clinical practice. In this overview, we discuss the validation of pharmacodynamics (PD) biomarkers and highlight the circulating t...