and cross-section g g G ¬ t. w x If p is prime, a p-valued field 8, p. 7 is a valued field, of characteristic zero, in which p has minimal positive value and whose residue field has p Ž . elements. A p-valued field F, ̈ is p-adically closed just in case no algebraic extension F9 of F with valuation ̈ 9 extending ̈ is p-valued. The Ž . class of p-adically closed fields is to Q , ̈ as the class of re...