The Spice Internet Package (SIP) was developed using an Internet browser as a platform-independent graphical user interface. The SIP application has many options that include simulation of SPICE files, graphical postprocessing data, and online editing of SPICE files. It can run remotely through a network on any operating system.

Context-dependent discrimination learning, a sophisticated form of nonelemental associative learning, has been found in many animals, including insects. The major purpose of this research is to establish a method for monitoring this form of nonelemental learning in rigidly restrained insects for investigation of underlying neural mechanisms. We report context-dependent olfactory learning (occas...

Facilities Management is a newly emerging and fast growing business sector. Currently there is limited research in process improvement in this sector. This paper discusses SPICE FM, a research project, which developed a process improvement framework for FM. The paper explains the SPICE FM framework, research methodology and well as a case study in implementing the framework. Background This pap...

This study aimed to analyze the antiproliferative and genotoxic potential of synthetic food flavorings, nature identical passion fruit and artificial vanilla. This assessment used root meristem cells of Allium cepa L., in exposure times of 24 and 48 hours and using doses of 0.2; 0.4 and 0.6 mL. Roots were fixed in Carnoy's solution, hydrolyzed in hydrochloric acid, stained with acetic orcein an...

To evaluate breastfed infants' responses to scented objects, we videotaped the facial and bodily reactions of sixty-three infants as they explored, in succession, three toys that were identical in appearance but different in their characteristic odor. Two of the toys were scented with odorants previously shown to be transmitted to human milk, one with ethanol and the other with vanilla, whereas...

The olfactory learning capability of the cricket Gryllus bimaculatus was studied. Crickets were deprived of drinking water for 4 days and were individually trained to associate peppermint with water and vanilla with NaCl solution. Their odour preference was tested before and after training by allowing them to choose between peppermint or vanilla sources. The time spent visiting each source serv...

OBJECTIVES To design and validate a scale to evaluate preferences of type 2 diabetic patients towards nutritional supplements (Madrid scale) and to discover those taste attributes that are more discriminating. CONTEXT ambulatory patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. MATERIALS AND METHODS 18 controls and 106 type 2 diabetic patients received 2 of the 7 stimuli studied (6 nutritional supple...

Abstract Trees in agroforestry systems provide multiple ecological and economic functions. Smallholder vanilla agroforests include shade trees common across systems, small-statured support carrying the vine. Support have received little scientific attention so far. The objectives of our study were to assess diversity, composition geographic origin north-eastern Madagascar. region is a global bi...