Lignocellulose wastes are the most abundant residues on surface of earth. This project studies possibility ethanol production from a forestry waste. Wood Gmelina arborea were treated with dillute sulfuric acid to break down lignin component. Fermentation for was done using baker’s yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae ATCC 204508/S288c) 120 hours submerged fermentation, and pH, reducing sugar, specif...

Acknowledgements The project team wish to acknowledge the assistance and expertise of Bill Downey, Darryl Kirk and Nik Pollard in Library and Media Services at Kingston University for their help in completing this work. We would also like to thank the project teams of CLIC, Formations and JILT for their willingness and enthusiasm to participate in the study. Their hospitality was also appreciat...

Cocoa-based agroforests play an important role in farmer livelihood and the global environment; however, despite these facts, their low yields tree aging put at risk fate. This project investigated carbon storage potential, productivity, economics of different agroforestry arrangements cocoa (Theobroma cacao) with Melina (Gmelina arborea) trees, southwest Colombia. We established experiment und...

Insect pest problems in forest nurseries of selected indigenous tree species viz., Calophyllum and Pterocarpus marsupium was studied at Peechi in Kerala State. The most serious pest incidence was noticed on G. arborea (by the caterpillars of Epiplema fulvilinea); A. odoratissima (by the Psyllid Psylla oblonga) and Pterocarpus marsupium [by the psyllids Spanioneura (quadrimaculata group) and Ary...

Tutin is a plant-derived neurotoxin which is sometimes detected in New Zealand honey. Tutin contamination of honey occurs when bees gather honeydew from an insect that feeds on sap of the shrub Coriaria arborea (“tutu”). Consumption of tutu honeydew honey can result in serious acute adverse health effects. Temporary maximum levels (MLs) for tutin in honey and comb honey of 2 mg/kg and 0.1 mg/kg...