When significant thoracic vascular anomalies occur in children, they may present surgical difficulties making operative management undesirable. The recent development of a new, accurate coil-delivery system has enabled us to embolize 17 vessels in five children by passing Gianturco steel coils coated with thrombogenic Dacron strands through No. 5 or 6F end-hole catheters suitable for infants. C...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to determine the nature, incidence, and radiologic appearance of intracranial vascular anomalies that occur in association with periorbital lymphatic malformation (LM) and lymphaticovenous malformation (LVM). MATERIALS AND METHODS We retrospectively reviewed clinical records and imaging studies of 33 patients ranging in age from the neonata...

Throughout the years, various classifications have evolved for the diagnosis of vascular anomalies. However, it remains difficult to classify a number of such lesions. Because all hemangiomas were previously considered to involute, if a lesion with imaging and clinical characteristics of hemangioma does not involute, then there is no subclass in which to classify such a lesion, as reported in o...

OBJECTIVE To describe the scope of the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), Vascular Anomalies Clinic (VAC), including the types of diagnoses, characteristics, and management of patients seen in the clinic. DESIGN Case series. SETTING Referral, outpatient, multidisciplinary clinic in a university system. PATIENTS Consecutive sample of 175 patients seen in the VAC at UCSF from J...

Vascular and lymphatic malformations represent a challenge for clinicians. The identification of inherited somatic mutations in important signaling pathways, including the PI3K (phosphoinositide 3-kinase)/AKT (protein kinase B)/mTOR (mammalian target rapamycin), RAS (rat sarcoma)/RAF (rapidly accelerated fibrosarcoma)/MEK (mitogen-activated protein kinase)/ERK (extracellular signal-regulated ki...