Five cases are reported of left subclavian steal syndrome associated with anomalous origin of the left vertebral artery from the aortic arch. In all five instances blood flow at the origin of the left vertebral artery was in an antegrade direction contrary to that usually reported in this condition. The distal subclavian artery was supplied via an extensive collateral network of vessels connect...

We describe a 55-year-old man with quadriparesis and impaired pain and temperature sensation in whom T2-weighted MR images revealed a high-intensity lesion in the cord at C3-4. Angiography showed occlusion of the right vertebral artery and severe stenosis of the left vertebral artery. We concluded that the stenosis of the vertebral artery led to the anterior spinal artery syndrome and to a dist...

The incidence of stroke would be decreased if the vertebral artery stenosis could be diagnosed early and therapy effectively. Presently, the Digital Subtraction Angiography (DSA) is a new computer-assisted radiographic procedure to diagnose the vertebral artery stenosis, and can provide clinical information for therapy. In this paper, the hemodynamic characteristics of the vertebral artery sten...

Two main vascular routes supply the brain, internal carotid arteries (ICAs) and vertebral arteries. The external artery (ECA) mainly supplies skin, muscle, skull; thus, neurointerventionalists should be aware of ECA‐ICA, ECA‐vertebral artery, extracranial–intracranial anastomoses. These anastomoses are not newly formed but that remnants developmental processes. During development, ICA has with ...

The current study evaluates the passage of the atlantal segment of the vertebral artery through the atlas to the cranial cavity in the case of occipitalisation, and searches for potential bony obstacles that constrict the lumen of the vertebral artery. Morphometric analysis was performed of the ossified atlanto-occipital articulation of the dry adult male skull, particularly in the region of th...

A case of dual origin of the left vertebral artery was encountered in a dissection course for medical students in 2014. Two vertebral arteries were observed on the left side. One arose from the aortic arch between the origin of the left common carotid artery and the left subclavian artery, entered the transverse foramen of the 4th cervical vertebra, and coursed upward into the transverse forame...

The combined extended and rotated cervical spine position has been postulated to affect vertebral artery blood flow by primarily causing a narrowing of the vessel lumen, usually within the artery contralateral to the side of head rotation. The production of brainstem symptoms during the manoeuvre has generally been considered to be a positive test result. As a consequence, functional pre-manipu...

Transluminal angioplasty of brachiocephalic vessels for atherosclerotic lesions is now being performed in selected cases. We have thus far treated 17 cases of vertebral artery stenosis and one case of basilar artery stenosis by intravascular balloon dilatation techniques. Clinical presenting symptoms included vertebral basilar insufficiency, repeated transient ischemic attacks (TIAs), and multi...

Background: The branches of right and left subclavian arteries are important in conducting of blood to spinal cord, posterior cranial fossa, base of the neck, thyroid gland, wall of the thorax and abdomen. The routine use of internal thoracic artery as a conduit in coronary artery bypass grafting surgery requires appreciation of the anatomical variations of these vessels. So far, there is not a...

Study Design Case series. Objective We report the unusual occurrence of vertebral artery injury (VAI) during routine posterior exposure of the cervical spine. The importance of preoperative planning to identify the course of the bilateral vertebral arteries during routine posterior cervical spine surgery is emphasized. Methods VAI is a rare but potentially devastating complication of cervical s...