Understanding the vertical distribution of aerosols is critical for air quality and other climate applications. Since current tools for obtaining this information have limited spatial and temporal coverage, we explore the use of radar data for obtaining injection heights of biomass burning aerosols produced from intense fires in southern Georgia during spring 2007. Using over 3 days of WSR-88 r...

Fractured carbonate reservoirs account for 25% of world’s total oil resources and for 90% of Iranian oil reserves. Since calcite and dolomite minerals are oil wet, gas oil gravity drainage (GOGD) is known as the most influencing production mechanism. The most important issue within gas injection into fractured media is the channeling problem which makes the efficiency of gas injection process e...

The integration of magnetic materials with semiconductors will lead to the development of the next spintronics devices such as spin field effect transistor (SFET), which is capable of both data storage and processing. While the fabrication and transport studies of lateral SFET have attracted greatly attentions, there are only few studies of vertical devices, which may offer the opportunity for ...

For the purpose of light extraction and efficiency enhancement, the nitride-based ultraviolet vertical-injection light-emitting diodes (UV-VLEDs) with non-insulation current blocking layer (n-CBL) and optimized textured surface were fabricated. The optical and electrical characteristics were investigated in this n-CBL UV-VLED. Furthermore, the efficiency of optimized structure was improved by 5...

The design issues for a current injection vertical cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSEL) operating at 1550 nm is presented using photonic crystal (PC) technology. The design is based on PC slab containing multihole rings with a single defect is introduced at the center which acts as a waveguiding core.

In this paper, we investigate the combined effects of buoyancy force and Navier slip on the entropy generation rate in a vertical porous channel with wall suction/injection. The nonlinear model problem is tackled numerically using Runge–Kutta–Fehlberg method with shooting technique. Both the velocity and temperature profiles are obtained and utilized to compute the entropy generation number. Th...

We report a new approach to mimic basic functionalities of a neuron using a 1550 nm Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser (VCSEL) which is based on the polarisation switching (PS) that can be induced in these devices when subject to polarised optical injection. Positive and negative all-optical threshold operations are demonstrated experimentally using external optical injection into the two o...

We experimentally demonstrate the control of the light polarization emitted by a 1310 nm dilute nitride spin-Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser (VCSEL) at room temperature. This is achieved by means of a combination of polarized optical pumping and polarized optical injection. Without external injection the polarization of the optical pump controls that of the spin-VCSEL. However, the addit...

We have made intraoperative, continuous-registration, length-tension diagrams of detached eye muscles in 80 strabismus patients under general anaesthesia. In 47 of these we repeated the measurements after contraction evoked by succinylcholine chloride. In contracting horizontal and vertical rectus muscles, we found a linear relation between length and tension. In contracting oblique muscles, ho...

The stimulants (+)-amphetamine and apomorphine are known to increase motility and induce stereotypy in rats. The present study examined the effects of an habituation period immediately prior to injection on these stimulant effects. Male Wistar rats received doses of either drug including 0, 0.01, 0.1, 0.25, 1.0, 2.0 and 4.0 mg/kg in a random order. Activity was assessed in 6 automated chambers ...