We prove that the essential spectrum of the operator obtained by linearization about a steady state of the Euler equations governing the motion of inviscid ideal fluid in dimension two is a vertical strip whose width is determined by the maximal Lyapunov exponent of the flow induced by the steady state.

the improvement in the temporal resolution of seismic data is a critical issue in hydrocarbonexploration. it is important for obtaining more detailed structural and stratigraphic information. manymethods have been introduced to improve the vertical resolution of reflection seismic data. eachmethod has advantages and disadvantages which are due to the assumptions and theories governingtheir issu...

Silicon nanowire arrays have been shown to demonstrate light trapping properties and promising potential for next-generation photovoltaics. In this paper, we show that the absorption enhancement in vertical nanowire arrays on a perfectly electric conductor can be further improved through tilting. Vertical nanowire arrays have a 66.2% improvement in ultimate efficiency over an ideal double-pass ...

We show by means of analytical and numerical calculations that saturation, in combination with the linewidth-enhancement factor and the finite rate of spin-flip processes, causes a redshift of the spontaneous-emission peak with respect to the off-lasing-mode frequency in the optical spectrum of a quantum-well vertical-cavity surface emitting laser.

We present the results of quantum chemical calculations of the electronic properties of the anionic form of the green fluorescent protein chromophore in the gas phase. The vertical detachment energy of the chromophore is found to be 2.4-2.5 eV, which is below the strongly absorbing ππ* state at 2.6 eV. The vertical excitation of the lowest triplet state is around 1.9 eV, which is below the phot...

We consider a model of • floodplain evolving with channel •vulsion, deposition, •nd erosion. Avulsion is modeled as • r•ndom process in sp•ce and time. Sediment ransport is modeled by the diffusion equation (Culling's model). The power spectrum of v•ri•tions in the topographic profiles predicted by the model S(k) is proportional to k -2 (where k is the w•venumber). This is the Brown noise often...

This paper investigates the algorithmic dimension spectra of lines in the Euclidean plane. Given any line L with slope a and vertical intercept b, the dimension spectrum sp(L) is the set of all effective Hausdorff dimensions of individual points on L. We draw on Kolmogorov complexity and geometrical arguments to show that if the effective Hausdorff dimension dim(a, b) is equal to the effective ...

The NLC extraction line provides a secondary focal point with a low β function and 2 cm dispersion which can be used for measurement of the beam energy spectrum. In this study, tracking simulations were performed to transport the 0.5 TeV electron beam from the Interaction Point (IP) to the secondary focus (SF), “measure” the resultant transverse beam profile and reconstruct the disrupted IP ene...