This paper presents a new pseudo pin assignment algorithm for crosstalk noise control in multi-layer gridless general area routing. It also tends to minimize the number of vias needed in detailed routing. Our approach consists of two steps: coarse pseudo pin assignment and detailed pseudo pin assignment. Coarse pseudo pin assignment uses the crosstalk noise constraints to estimate the spacing r...

This paper presents gold passivated dense NiW mechanically flexible interconnects (MFIs) for advanced 3D heterogeneous IC integration. The MFIs are fabricated with a pitch as small as 25 μm, a maximum height of 65 μm, and can be engineered to provide a wide range of mechanical stiffness and vertical range of motion within the elastic region. The compliance for the fabricated MFIs is measured to...

This special issue of The European Journal of Control is dedicated to some of the results of the European Community Esprit LTR Project VHS Veri cation of Hybrid Systems It consists of papers dealing with various aspects of one of the case studies treated in the project the Experimental Batch Plant at the university of Dortmund Before presenting the papers themselves it is worthwhile to say some...

In this paper we investigate the unique potential of optics to provide a family of arbitration free topologies that are not realizable using conventional electronics. This is accomplished by creating a directly connected fabric of waveguides that can be configured to support everything from a crossbar to fully connected topologies. The large number of waveguides required to create a Directly Co...

Heart-rate recovery (HRR) has been proposed as a marker of autonomic function and training status in athletes. The authors performed a systematic review of studies that examined HRR after training. Five cross-sectional studies and 8 studies investigating changes over time (longitudinal) met our criteria. Three out of 5 cross-sectional studies observed a faster HRR in trained compared with untra...

Each PCB in the system should have at least one complete layer dedicated to the ground plane. Ideally, a double-sided board should have one side dedicated to ground and the other side for interconnections. In practice, this is not possible, since some of the ground plane will certainly have to be removed to allow for signal and power crossovers and vias. Nevertheless, as much area as possible s...