The objective of this research was to find out the significant effect scramble method on students’ achievement in learning vocabulary. experimental design used as design. population taken from eighth-grade students SMP Al Washliyah 8 Medan. There were 7 parallel classes with a total number 231 students. Each class consisted 33 sample by applying cluster random sampling lottery technique. Class ...

BACKGROUND Socially disadvantaged children with academic difficulties at school entry are at increased risk for poor health and psychosocial outcomes. Our objective is to test the possibility that participation in childcare--at the population level--could attenuate the gap in academic readiness and achievement between children with and without a social disadvantage (indexed by low levels of mat...

Word and nonword identification skills were examined in a sample of 80 elementary school age students with mild intellectual disabilities and mixed etiologies who were described as struggling to learn to read by their teachers. Performance on measures of receptive and expressive vocabulary, measures of phonological awareness, and measures of word and nonword identification were included for ana...

This study explores the effect of categorically different pre-reading activities in learners’ L1 on reading comprehension and learning focus-on-vocabulary. The participants were sixty Turkish EFL learners attending a state high school, data was gathered from their achievement test scores. analyzed through one-way multivariate analysis variance (MANOVA), t-test statistical procedures implemented...

This study examined relations among early family risk, children's behavioral regulation at 54 months and kindergarten, and academic achievement in first grade using data on 1,298 children from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development. Family risk was indexed by ethnic minority status, low maternal education, low average...