Detailed measurements of the voltage, temperature, and frequency dependence of the nonequilibrium current fluctuations for a diffusive mesoscopic conductor are reported. The data confirm predictions that a mesoscopic conductor shorter than the electron-electron inelastic length will display shot noise. Furthermore, the low temperatures (100 mK) and high frequencies (1–20 GHz) used for the measu...

Superconducting fluctuations in long and narrow strips made from ultrathin NbN films, have been investigated. For large bias currents close to the critical current fluctuations led to localized, temporary transitions into the normal conducting state, which were detected as voltage transients developing between the strip ends. We present models based on fluctuations in the Cooper pair density an...

The response of a neuronal population to afferent drive can be expected to be sensitive to both the distribution and dynamics of membrane voltages within the population. Voltage fluctuations can be driven by synaptic noise, neuromodulators, or cellular inhomogeneities: processes ranging from millisecond autocorrelation times to effectively static or "frozen" noise. Here we extend previous studi...

As processor clock gating becomes more and more prevalent, the resulting processor current fluctuations increase the chance of the power supply violating its operating voltage range. Today, low-power research has focused on hardware mechanisms to reduce the chances of these voltage emergencies. While these hardware solutions are very effective at reducing di/dt to an acceptable range, they do s...

A three-dimensional simulation methodology allowing statistical study of the direct tunnelling gate current fluctuations in realistic nano-scale metal–oxide–semiconductor field effect transistors (MOSFETs) is presented. The approach has been applied to study the gate leakage fluctuations due to the combined effect of oxide thickness variation (OTV) and discrete random dopants (RD) in an example...

Information in a spike train is limited by variability in the spike timing. This variability is caused by noise from several sources including synapses and membrane channels; but how deleterious each noise source is and how they affect spike train coding is unknown. Combining physiology and a multicompartment model, we studied the effect of synaptic input noise and voltage-gated channel noise o...

We have bridged a pair of gold electrodes with various arrangements of gold nanoparticles stabilized with citrate molecules. The resulting devices exhibited current fluctuations at a constant bias voltage and fluctuations of the differential conductance as a function of the bias voltage. These fluctuations were attributed to the interplay of molecular conformation, charge switching, and breakin...

Self-generated chaotic current fluctuations in the post-breakdown regime of a n-GaAs layer at 4.2 K have been analyzed in detail. Without an external magnetic field only regular oscillations were observed. Increasing the magnetic field strength up to 100mT generates a sequence of quasiperiodic and frequency-locking current oscillations and finally a Ruelle-Takens-Newhouse scenario with chaos. T...

Persisent photoconductivity (PPC) has been investigated in a Znp 02Cdp 98Te semiconductor alloy. A transition from a photoconductivity phase to a PPC phase has been observed and a coexistence curve that separates these two phases has been obtained. We find that such a transition can be controlled by the bias voltage and excitation photon dose. The relaxation of PPC is found to follow a power la...