Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) regulates Shaker K+ channels and voltage-gated Ca2+ channels in a bimodal fashion by inhibiting voltage activation while stabilizing open channels. Bimodal regulation is conserved in hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated (HCN) channels, but voltage activation is enhanced while the open channel state is destabilized. The proposed sites o...

A new control technique known as inverted error deviation (IED) control is incorporated into the main DC-link capacitor voltage regulation algorithm of a three-level neutral-point diode clamped (NPC) inverter-based shunt active power filter (SAPF) to enhance its performance in overall DC-link voltage regulation so as to improve its harmonics mitigation performances. In the SAPF controller, DC-l...

The skeletal muscle L-type Ca2+ channel (Ca(V)1.1), which is responsible for initiating muscle contraction, is regulated by phosphorylation by cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) in a voltage-dependent manner that requires direct physical association between the channel and the kinase mediated through A-kinase anchoring proteins (AKAPs). The role of the actin cytoskeleton in channel regulation ...

Multilevel converters are mainly utilized to synthesize a desired singleor three-phase voltage waveform. The desired output voltage is obtained by combining several separate dc voltage sources. Solar cells, fuel cells, batteries, and ultracapacitors are the most common independent sources used. Multilevel converters have found wide applications in motor drives, static VAR compensators, and unin...

The distribution of disk output voltage is a key factor for the design an insulated core transformer (ICT) high-voltage power supply. development ICT involves and optimization many parameters, which greatly affect uniformity voltage. A new structure with dummy primary windings can compensate voltage, aims to improve uniformity. In this work, method based on particle swarm (PSO) algorithm was us...

This seminar topic reviews the most common solutions used in multiple output power supply designs. In the focus of the detailed design review is the current-fed push-pull converter, one of the most cost effective solution available for the practicing designer. A step-by-step design procedure will guide the reader through the most important decisions and their effect on the ultimate performance ...

Electronic circuits require a wide variety of voltage levels to operate correctly. A DC/DC converter (DC/DC) is an electronic circuit used either to transform one voltage level to a different level; or to provide an isolation barrier for a voltage bus. DC/DCs are typically used in power distribution systems to provide a local voltage conversion, point of load voltage regulation or power bus iso...