A modular particle-continuum (MPC) numerical method is presented which solves the Navier-Stokes (NS) equations in regions of near-equilibrium and uses the direct simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) method where the flow is in non-equilibrium. The MPC method is designed specifically for steady-state, hypersonic, nonequilibrium flows and couples existing, state-of-the-art DSMC and NS solvers into a sin...

Aerodynamic drag is an important factor in vehicles fuel consumption. Pressure drag which is the main component of total drag is a result of boundary layer separation from vehicle surface. Flow control methods are applied to avoid or at least delay separation. Depending upon whether these methods consume energy to control the flow or not, they are called active or passive control methods. In th...

in this study, changes in speed and turbulence intensity in the wake of a peugeot model and the drag coefficient changes with increases vehicle speed in unsteady flow measured and evaluated. the blow open circuit wind tunnel to simulate fluid flow is used. disturbances and nominal maximum speed of the device, respectively is, 30 m / s and 0.01%. has been continuously increasing speed by an inve...

Electron cloud due to beam-induced multipacting can generate transverse instabilities and beam size blow-up in both positron and proton accelerators. A solenoid satisfactorily suppresses multipacting in the drift region by confining the electrons close to the walls’ surface. There is a long drift region in the KEKB LER, wherein a solenoid occupies most of the beam’s pipe. We investigated the so...

in this paper, considering the importance of incoming flow turbulence intensity into combustion chamber, tripping wire effect on the flow wake has been experimentally investigated within a linear compressor cascade. to do this, two wires were implemented along each blade and their effects on average velocity, turbulence intensity and vortices frequencies at reynolds number 45500 were accurately...

My favourite Simon Armitage poem, ‘Homecoming’, begins, ‘Think, two things on their own and both at once’, tells, in brief, through juxtapositions of imagery, the story a subject, ‘you’, l...

Field measurements of the wake flow produced from a 2-MW Enercon E-70 wind turbine were performed using three scanning Doppler wind lidars. A GPS-based technique was used to determine the position of the wind turbine and the wind lidar locations, as well as the direction of the laser beams. The lidars used in this study are characterized by a high spatial resolution of 18 m, which allows the de...

In the sheath region, the ion flow to the electrode provides a distinctive direction, with the plasma properties different in the direction parallel or perpendicular to the flow. The ion flow is responsible for the generation of the wake potential for a test dust particle, which in the linear approximation is within the Mach cone for supersonic ion velocities. The bottom dust particle appearing...