International travel has become increasingly common and accessible, hence, about two billion passengers undertake international and domestic air travel each year. Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a serious public health disorder which may occur following prolonged travel, especially after air travel. A direct relation between VTE development and prolonged travels has been documented, while some ...

Warfarin is the current standard of care in oral anticoagulation therapy. It is commonly prescribed to treat venous thromboembolism, pulmonary embolism, acute myocardial infarction, and to decrease the risk of stroke in atrial fibrillation. Warfarin therapy is challenging because of marked and often unpredictable inter-individual dosing variations that effectively reach and maintain adequate an...

Warfarin is the anticoagulant of choice for venous thromboembolism (VTE) treatment, although its suppression of the endogenous clot-dissolution complex APC:PS may ultimately lead to longer time-to-clot dissolution profiles, resulting in increased risk of re-thrombosis. This detrimental effect might not occur during VTE treatment using other anticoagulants, such as rivaroxaban or enoxaparin, giv...

Background: Current guidelines recommend that full-dose warfarin be continued for 6–12 months after an idiopathic episode of venous thromboembolism (VTE), with a target international normalized ratio (INR) of between 2.0 and 3.0. The annual risk of major hemorrhage in patients prescribed warfarin is 5%–9%, whereas the long-term risk of recurrent VTE after cessation of anticoagulation is 6%–9% p...

The anticoagulant agents heparin and warfarin were introduced before the era of randomised clinical trials. As a result, the indications, dosages and monitoring techniques of these drugs have undergone re-evaluation in multiple clinical trials in the past years. Low molecular weight heparin has been developed, which has led to new approaches in anticoagulant management. Current levels of labora...

It is now possible to identify acquired and hereditary risk factors in a substantial percentage of patients presenting with a venous thrombotic event. Discovery of the factor V Leiden and prothrombin G20210A mutations has greatly increased the percentage of patients in whom venous thrombosis can be attributed to hereditary thrombophilia. There is, however, considerable uncertainty as to how thi...

BackgroundThe AMPLIFY trial found significantly lower major bleeding (MB) and similar recurrent venous thromboembolism (VTE) risks associated with apixaban vs warfarin among patients VTE.ObjectivesTo compare MB, clinically-relevant non-major (CRNM) bleeding, VTE subgroups of newly diagnosed elderly prescribed warfarin.MethodsUS Medicare or within 30 days post-VTE encounter were identified. Prop...

BACKGROUND There exists an inherent risk of increased venous thromboembolism (VTE) in surgical spine patients, which is independent of their existing risk factors. Prophylaxis and treatment of VTE is an imprecise practice and may have serious complications even well after the initial surgery. Furthermore, there are no clear guidelines on how to manage postoperative spine patients with regards t...