Animals sense various ranges of temperatures by cutaneous thermal stimuli. Transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) is a cation channel activated at a warm temperature (over 30 degrees C) in exogenously expressed cells. We found in the present study that TRPV4 is essential in thermal hyperalgesia at a warm temperature in vivo. TRPV4-/- and TRPV4+/+ mice exhibited the same latency of esc...

TION OF URINE ; PUNCTURE OF BLADDER. By G. G. MacLaren, m.d., Civil Surgeon. Early oil the morning of the 5th iNovember last, 1 was summoned by the hospital assistant in charge of the head-quarters G. T. Survey office, to a case of retention of urine in the person of a man aged 48, named Bowani Singh, a Classie attached to the office. Being at the time engaged, I was unable to attend immediatel...

BACKGROUND The aim of this paper is to summarise what is known about human response to heat and to use this knowledge to provide guidance on how to maintain the health, comfort and performance of people in heat waves. DESIGN The use of power and especially water are critical in providing cooling. A practical method of cooling people in a water bath is described. A warm bath slowly cooled will...

BACKGROUND Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a virulent organism causing substantial morbidity and mortality in intensive care units. Chlorhexidine gluconate, a topical antiseptic solution, is effective against a wide spectrum of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, including MRSA. Objectives To examine the impact of a bathing protocol using chlorhexidine gluconate and ...

Acute Charcot neuroarthropathy of the foot and ankle presents with the insidious onset of a unilateral acutely edematous, erythematous, and warm lower extremity. The acute stages are typically defined as Eichenholtz Stage 1, or Stage 0, which was first described by Shibata et al. in 1990. The ultimate goal of treatment is maintenance of a stable, plantigrade foot which can be easily shod, minim...

Osborne, P. G., J. Sato, N. Shuke, and M. Hashimoto. Sympathetic -adrenergic regulation of blood flow and volume in hamsters arousing from hibernation. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 289: R554–R562, 2005. First published April 21, 2005; doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00004.2005.— Mammals arousing from hibernation display pronounced regional heterothermy, where the thoracic and head regions warm fa...