OBJECTIVES To assess if in chronic venous insufficiency, there is a seasonal variation of cytokines levels which could explain the typical worsening of symptoms during Spring and Summer. PARTICIPANTS From 193 chronic venous insufficiency patients, we selected 32 patients in clinical stage C2-C3 of the Clinical-Etiology-Anatomy-Pathophysiology classification. DESIGN A prospective, comparativ...

Winter annual weeds become a major problem during winter dormancy in warm-season turfgrass stands. In the transition zone, glyphosate application is common practice to reduce weed competition zoysiagrass before emerging from spring. Research was conducted on effects of timings spring greenup and quality experimental genotypes compared commercially available cultivars. Preliminary data this stud...

Several multi-decadal simulations have been carried out with the new version of the CCSM climate model. This paper reports an analysis of the land component of these simulations. Global annual averages over land appear to be within the uncertainty of observational data sets but the seasonal cycle over land of temperature and precipitation appear too weak. These departures from observations appe...

Recently the Southwest has experienced a spate of dryness, which presents a challenge to the sustainability of current water use by human and natural systems in the region. In the Colorado River Basin, the early 21st century drought has been the most extreme in over a century of Colorado River flows, and might occur in any given century with probability of only 60%. However, hydrological model ...

We develop a statistical model to predict June-July-August (JJA) daily maximum 8-h average (MDA8) ozone concentrations in the eastern United States based on large-scale climate patterns during the previous spring. We find that anomalously high JJA ozone in the East is correlated with these springtime patterns: warm tropical Atlantic and cold northeast Pacific sea surface temperatures (SSTs), as...

Variability of the tropical Western Hemisphere warm pool (WHWP) of water warmer than 28.58C, which extends seasonally over parts of the eastern North Pacific, the Gulf of Mexico, the Caribbean, and the western tropical North Atlantic (TNA), was previously studied by Wang and Enfield using the da Silva data from 1945–93. Using additional datasets of the NCEP–NCAR reanalysis field and the NCEP SS...

Seasonal changes of the thyroid gland structure and hormones secretion was examined in yellowfin seabream Acanthopagrus latus in Persian Gulf (Zangi branch, Musa creek). Thyroid gland composed of follicles scattered around the ventral aorta, near the gills. Follicular cells varied according to secretion of the gland during warm and cold seasons. Thyroid hormones (Triidothyronine [T3] and Thyrox...

Eucalyptus nitens (Deane & Maiden) Maiden takes at least five years to initiate flower buds from seed and is an infrequent and light flowerer. Because this behavior constitutes a major impediment to breeding programs, we examined the mechanisms controlling floral induction in E. nitens, with the long-term aim of reducing generation time and increasing seed yield. Application of paclobutrazol re...