Background: Constructed wetlands are systems designed based on the utilization of natural processes, including vegetation, soil, and their associated microbial assemblage to assist in treating different types of wastewater. Methods: Two local Appalachian plants (Louis latifolia and Phragmites australis) were planted into smallscale constructed wetlands to treat domestic wastewater in the North ...

Two innovative tracer methods for the quantification of parasitic discharge in sewers have been proposed as routine applications within the scope of the European research project APUSS (Assessing Infiltration and Exfiltration on the Performance of Urban Sewer Systems). In order to improve the accuracy of wastewater hydrograph separation compared to conventional practice, the novel approaches ar...

An innovated wastewater resourcing system (WRS) was formal proposed to couple the production of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) and electricity generation by microbial fuel cell (MFC) with the proper controlled acidification digester. This paper gave the carbon audit and cost analysis of WRS to estimate its carbon emission, energy saving and profit production. Results showed WRS extracts 18% of in...

In developing countries urban wastewater management often fails to cope with increasing wastewater generation. Financial, technical and institutional limitations force authorities to discharge substantial amounts of untreated or partially treated wastewater into surface waters. Consequently, uncontrolled use of polluted water is increasingly common in the downstream peri-urban areas. Although w...

water quality trading is a new approach in pollution control which satisfies water quality standards suggesting minimum cost solutions. this method uses tradable discharge permits based on pollution transfer coefficient in a river. this paper tries to establish a water quality trading program in a river basin according to transfer coefficients between pollution sources and evaluate cost effecti...

Membrane Bioreactors (MBRs) can be broadly defined as systems integrating biological degradation of waste products with membrane filtration. They have proven quite effective in removing organic and inorganic contaminants as well as biological entities from wastewater. Advantages of the MBR include good control of biological activity, high quality effluent free of bacteria and pathogens, smaller...

Discharge of domestic and industrial wastewater to surface or groundwater is very dangerous to the environment. Therefore treatment of any kind of wastewater to produce effluent with good quality is necessary. In this regard choosing an effective treatment system is important. Sequencing batch reactor is a modification of activated sludge process which has been successfully used to treat munici...

Wastewater reuse is being widely promulgated to help address the global freshwater resource crisis. It can assist in reducing extraction of freshwater from the environment, and reuse of wastewater lessens the need for environmental discharge, which is clearly beneficial to receiving waters. But the practice itself also has the potential to be detrimental to natural and human environments: soil ...

Hospitals discharge considerable amounts of chemicals and microbial agents in their wastewaters. Problem chemicals present in hospital wastewater belong to different groups, such as antibiotics, X-ray contrast agents, disinfectants and pharmaceuticals. Many of these chemical compounds resist normal wastewater treatment. They end up in surface waters where they can influence the aquatic ecosyste...

Advanced wastewater treatments have become an area of global focus for many communities, having in view the new, stricter discharge limits, imposed by the European Union Directives. The aim of this work is to evaluate conditions for a possible implementation of a Biological Nutrient Removal (BNR) process in the Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) of Targoviste city (Romania). The problems initial...