has written a most remarkable book that draws lessons from the history of chemistry for general philosophy of science. His historiographical focus is on the period from the late 18th century to the mid-19th century, when chemistry through its early professionalization was indeed the dominating science in Europe. He selects three subsequent episodes, the Chemical Revolution, early electrochemist...

The complex chemistry of uranyl nitrate with mono and bi-functional neutral extractants shows, that it forms 1:2 and 1:1 complexes respectively. The structures of the isolated complexes show, that the water molecules from the primary coordination sphere of [UO2(NO3)2.2H2O] are replaced by the extractants completely and adopt a hexagonal bi-pyramidal geometry. However, the structural chemistry o...

Water is an essential component of the papermaking process. Nevertheless, papermakers often overlook its importance compared to fibers and chemical additives. A better understanding water properties interactions associated with at wet end leads a sound foundation for high-quality paper production smooth operation. Not all fresh process same. Fresh varies from mill mill, primarily due location a...

1. We compared the extracellular enzyme activity (EEA) of sediment microbial assemblages with sediment and water chemistry, gradients in agricultural nutrient loading (derived from principal component analyses), atmospheric deposition and hydrological turnover time in coastal wetlands of the Laurentian Great Lakes. 2. There were distinct increases in nutrient concentrations in the water and in ...

Papers published in Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions are under open-access review for the journal Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Abstract Spatial patterns of water chemistry along stream networks can be quantified using synoptic or " snapshot " sampling. The basic idea is to sample stream water at many points over a relatively short period of time. Even for intense sampling ...

Largest satellite of Saturn and the only in the solar system having a dense atmosphere, Titan is one of the key planetary bodies for astrobiological studies, due to several aspects. (i) Its analogies with planet Earth, in spite of much lower temperatures, with, in particular, a methane cycle on Titan analogous to the water cycle on Earth. (ii) The presence of an active organic chemistry, involv...

On the Trail of Mutations A at MIT "Basically, the way this center operates is that it starts with human disease and works backwards to a dear and probable cause," says Director William Thilly describing MIT's Center for Environmental Health Sciences (CEHS). "If the problem stems from a genetic mutation, then we try to figure out what caused that mutation-exogenous chemicals, endogenous chemica...

Starting soon after the production of fullerenes in 1990, many efforts have been devoted to the application of C60 and its derivatives. In fact, 60 fullerene possesses a variety of interesting biological properties, such as HIV-P inhibition, DNA photocleavage, neuroprotection, apoptosis, etc. Unfortunately, the low solubility in biological fluids limits the use of these compounds as new pharmac...

The Hydrologic Benchmark Network (HBN) is a long-term monitoring program established by the US Geological Survey in the 1960s to track changes in the streamflow and stream chemistry in undeveloped watersheds across the USA. Trends in stream chemistry were tested at 15 HBN stations over two periods (1970-2010 and 1990-2010) using the parametric Load Estimator (LOADEST) model and the nonparametri...