Sea-water desalination has emerged as the key alternative to overcome demand–supply gap of potable water, worldwide. This paper aims to carry out a technology review of sea-water desalination, technologies in an integrated framework of economic, environmental and ecological analyses. The economic analysis here refers to a project/technology development effort analysis in the context of national...

Thermal desalination plants consume large quantifies of heat energy for seawater evaporation. In condensing water vapor procured in evaporators and cooling distillate, a major part of heat energy is lost in the environment. Heat energy in processes of condensation and evaporation in desalination of seawater is quantitatively equal but these processes take place under different temperatures. Dif...

With an increase in demand of freshwater and depleting water sources, it is imperative to switch to seawater as a regular source of water supply. However, due to the high total dissolved solid content, it has to be desalinated to make it drinkable. While desalination technologies have been used for many years, mass deployment of such technologies poses a number of challenges like high energy re...

Nanopumps conducting fluids through nanochannels have attracted considerable interest for their potential applications in nanofiltration, water desalination and drug delivery. Here, we demonstrate by molecular dynamics (MD) simulations that a nano screw pump is designed with helical nanowires embedded in a nanochannel, which can be used to drive unidirectional water flow. Such helical nanowires...

Making potable water through desalination plants is a very important process in Iran where clean water is highly required. On the other hand, large amount of fossil fuel sources leads to the development of gas turbine power plants all over the country. Furthermore, Persian Gulf in the south and Caspian Sea in the north could be the main sources for supplying potable water in water scarcity area...

In this study, abstraction, desalination and recharge method and SEAWAT numerical model are used to investigate seawater intrusion repulsion in a hypothetical two-dimensional coastal aquifer to understand the relation of seawater intrusion with abstraction, desalination and recharge parameters (i.e. abstraction/recharge rate, wells distance and depth). Abstraction, desalination and recharge con...

This paper uses simple hydro-economic optimization to investigate a wide range of regional water system management options for northern Baja California, Mexico. Hydro-economic optimization models, even with parsimonious model formulations, enable investigation of promising water management portfolios for supplying water to agricultural, environmental and urban users. CALVIN, a generalized hydro...

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Water scarcity is now one of the major global crises, which has affected many aspects of human health, industrial development and ecosystem stability. To overcome this issue, water desalination has been employed. It is a process to remove salt and other minerals from saline water, and it covers a variety of approaches from traditional distillation to the well-established reverse osmosis. Althou...