In this paper, we study two different Graded Index (GRIN) photonic crystal (PC) structures which are named as structure type I and type II. The PC structures are made of the square rod in an air background. To design a GRIN PC structure the lattice constant has been altered in the direction transverse to propagation. We investigated focusing effect             and waveguiding behavior of electr...

This paper considers the propagation of shallow-water solitary and nonlinear periodic waves over a gradual slope with bottom friction in the framework of a variablecoefficient Korteweg–de Vries equation. We use the Whitham averaging method, using a recent development of this theory for perturbed integrable equations. This general approach enables us not only to improve known results on the adia...

The existing theory for wave propagation through a soil layer are not compatible with the real soil layers because in the theory the layers are flat and the sub-layers are parallel, while in real the soil layers are not flat and they may not be parallel. Thus, wave propagations through a corrugated interface are so important. In this paper, a two-dimensional SH-wave propagation through a corrug...

The present problem deals with the propagation of Love-type surface waves in a bedded structure comprises of an inhomogeneous orthotropic layer and an elastic half-space. The upper boundary and the interface between two media are considered to be corrugated. An analytical method (separation of variables) is adapted to solve the second order PDEs, which governs the equations of motion. Equations...