Johansen and Sornette proposes that the crash has fundamentally an endogenous origin and exogenous shocks only serve as triggering factors. This endogenous force is shown in price as power law log-periodicity (PLLP) signature prior to a crash. We estimate the highly nonlinear model developed by them using a hybrid approach which combines scatter search, genetic adaptor and tabu search. The mode...

To the Editor: The Department of Surgery at the Nelson R Mandela School of Medicine is proud of its 100% pass rate in the October 2008 Colleges of Medicine of South Africa examinations held in Durban. Most candidates attended the graduation and joined the 3 who passed in May as registered specialists in general surgery. This represents a stalwart effort on the part of the candidates and their t...

recovery of used products is receiving much attention recently due to growing environmental concerns.in this paper, we address the carbon footprint basedon problem arising in closed-loop supply chain where returned products are collected from customers. these returned products can either be disposed or be remanufactured to be sold as new ones again. here, we formulate a comprehensive closed-loo...

ALICEROBBIN ABSTRACT THISARTICLE EXAMINES SELECTED ECONOMIC and social indicators of our multiracial and multiethnic society at the end of the twentieth century to provide an information base for wise decisions about effective library services. The statistical profile describes the demography, economic well-being , and educational attainment of the principal racial and Hispanic origin groups. T...